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file_name=biomedica_00018450.jpg caption=In addition, AMPK phosphorylation was also analysed by Western blot in neurospheres. As expected, the levels of α-SNAP (M105I) were reduced in hyh neurospheres ( "fcell-11-1061777-g006" ="fig">Figure 6C ). Like the results obtained in monolayer cultures, neurospheres from hyh mice showed increased levels of p-AMPKα when compared with WT neurospheres (). Like the results obtained in monolayer cultures, neurospheres from hyh mice showed increased levels of p-AMPKα when compared with WT neurospheres ( "fcell-11-1061777-g006" ="fig">Figures 6C, D ). Phospho-ACC, a downstream target of p-AMPK, showed a 1.5-fold change in hyh-NSPCs, but the difference was not statistically significant (). Phospho-ACC, a downstream target of p-AMPK, showed a 1.5-fold change in hyh-NSPCs, but the difference was not statistically significant ( "fcell-11-1061777-g006" ="fig">Figures 6C–E ). Since AMPK activation switches off anabolic pathways that consume ATP and switches on catabolic pathways that generate ATP source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: In addition, AMPK phosphorylation was also analysed by Western blot in neurospheres. As expected, the levels of α-SNAP (M105I) were reduced in hyh neurospheres ( "fcell-11-1061777-g006" ="fig">Figure 6C ). Like the results obtained in monolayer cultures, neurospheres from hyh mice showed increased levels of p-AMPKα when compared with WT neurospheres (). Like the results obtained in monolayer cultures, neurospheres from hyh mice showed increased levels of p-AMPKα when compared with WT neurospheres ( "fcell-11-1061777-g006" ="fig">Figures 6C, D ). Phospho-ACC, a downstream target of p-AMPK, showed a 1.5-fold change in hyh-NSPCs, but the difference was not statistically significant (). Phospho-ACC, a downstream target of p-AMPK, showed a 1.5-fold change in hyh-NSPCs, but the difference was not statistically significant ( "fcell-11-1061777-g006" ="fig">Figures 6C–E ). Since AMPK activation switches off anabolic pathways that consume ATP and switches on catabolic pathways that generate A think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=45yo Black male
file_name=biomedica_00199982.jpg caption=The lower selectivity of “non-adsorbed” and “water” eluates (12.59% and 10.45%) supports the effective removal of undesired co-extracts (see "antioxidants-11-00988-g013" ="fig">Figure 13 ). These two fractions could be further processed to recover the remaining polyphenols, ideally with another resin purification. In summary, for the ethanolic fraction, the overall process allowed for the product to be concentrated at more than 30% (from 25.65% of the raw extract to 56.52%), recovering almost 77% of the total TPC. Furthermore, sampling across the EtOH elution allowed us to detect an extra-purified fraction, reaching 77.16% selectivity (mg). These two fractions could be further processed to recover the remaining polyphenols, ideally with another resin purification. In summary, for the ethanolic fraction, the overall process allowed for the product to be concentrated at more than 30% (from 25.65% of the raw extract to 56.52%), recovering almost 77% of the total TPC. Furthermore, sampling source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: The lower selectivity of “non-adsorbed” and “water” eluates (12.59% and 10.45%) supports the effective removal of undesired co-extracts (see "antioxidants-11-00988-g013" ="fig">Figure 13 ). These two fractions could be further processed to recover the remaining polyphenols, ideally with another resin purification. In summary, for the ethanolic fraction, the overall process allowed for the product to be concentrated at more than 30% (from 25.65% of the raw extract to 56.52%), recovering almost 77% of the total TPC. Furthermore, sampling across the EtOH elution allowed us to detect an extra-purified fraction, reaching 77.16% selectivity (mg). These two fractions could be further processed to recover the remaining polyphenols, ideally with another resin purification. In summary, for the ethanolic fraction, the overall process allowed for the product to be concentrated at more than 30% (from 25.65% of the raw extract to 56.52%), recovering almost 77% of the total TPC. Furthermore, sampl think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=67yo Asian female
file_name=biomedica_00777225.jpg caption=A specialized function performed by the MTs is the synthesis of compounds involved in the creation of the “foam nest” where juveniles belonging to the Homoptera Aphrophoridae and Cercopidae families spend their whole preimaginal lives. Due to the production of this foam that looks like a spittle mass ( "insects-13-01001-g002" ="fig">Figure 2 a), these species are commonly known as “true spittlebugs”.a), these species are commonly known as “true spittlebugs”. In the proximal segment ( "insects-13-01001-g002" ="fig">Figure 2 f), the cells are large, with large, oval nuclei (sometimes stellate) and numerous granules oriented into stacks, and they contain the vacuolated mucocomplex. The disappearance of the granules coincides with the vacuolated mucocomplex appearance, which suggests a secretory cycle [f), the cells are large, with large, oval nuclei (sometimes stellate) and numerous granules oriented into stacks, and they contain the vacuolated mucocomplex. The disappearance of the granul source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: A specialized function performed by the MTs is the synthesis of compounds involved in the creation of the “foam nest” where juveniles belonging to the Homoptera Aphrophoridae and Cercopidae families spend their whole preimaginal lives. Due to the production of this foam that looks like a spittle mass ( "insects-13-01001-g002" ="fig">Figure 2 a), these species are commonly known as “true spittlebugs”.a), these species are commonly known as “true spittlebugs”. In the proximal segment ( "insects-13-01001-g002" ="fig">Figure 2 f), the cells are large, with large, oval nuclei (sometimes stellate) and numerous granules oriented into stacks, and they contain the vacuolated mucocomplex. The disappearance of the granules coincides with the vacuolated mucocomplex appearance, which suggests a secretory cycle [f), the cells are large, with large, oval nuclei (sometimes stellate) and numerous granules oriented into stacks, and they contain the vacuolated mucocomplex. The disappearance of the gra think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD D49.9 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=D49.9 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=64yo Pacific Islander male
file_name=biomedica_00356028.jpg caption=The DFT calculations were performed to ascertain the dissolution behaviour of In during the βSn phase. Models designated as Sn–xIn were generated by replacing two, four, and eight Sn atoms with In in a 512-atom Sn supercell, resulting in compositions of Sn510In2, Sn508In4, and Sn504In8, corresponding to 0.38 wt%, 0.76 wt%, and 1.51 wt% In, respectively (see Figure S5b–d). The formation energies, ΔEf, depicted as green points in "materials-17-04372-g009" ="fig">Figure 9 a, exhibit negative values for all In concentrations, indicating that the addition of In stabilizes the βSn phase more than pure Sn. A further decrease in the formation energy, a, exhibit negative values for all In concentrations, indicating that the addition of In stabilizes the βSn phase more than pure Sn. A further decrease in the formation energy, ΔEf, with increasing In content, suggests a preference for In to dissolve into the Sn matrix. To investigate the effect of In on Bi dissolution, DFT models Sn512-y-zBiyInz, source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: The DFT calculations were performed to ascertain the dissolution behaviour of In during the βSn phase. Models designated as Sn–xIn were generated by replacing two, four, and eight Sn atoms with In in a 512-atom Sn supercell, resulting in compositions of Sn510In2, Sn508In4, and Sn504In8, corresponding to 0.38 wt%, 0.76 wt%, and 1.51 wt% In, respectively (see Figure S5b–d). The formation energies, ΔEf, depicted as green points in "materials-17-04372-g009" ="fig">Figure 9 a, exhibit negative values for all In concentrations, indicating that the addition of In stabilizes the βSn phase more than pure Sn. A further decrease in the formation energy, a, exhibit negative values for all In concentrations, indicating that the addition of In stabilizes the βSn phase more than pure Sn. A further decrease in the formation energy, ΔEf, with increasing In content, suggests a preference for In to dissolve into the Sn matrix. To investigate the effect of In on Bi dissolution, DFT models Sn512-y-zBiyI think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=36yo Indigenous female
file_name=biomedica_00113244.jpg caption=The basal levels (without activation) of the C activity soluble C5b-9 (sC5b-9, the terminal product of the C cascade) and C5a, were measured. Significantly higher basal levels of both markers were found in CLL patients with abnormal C5 pattern ( ="fig" "pone.0209024.g002">Fig 2 ). Compared to NC, higher C activity was indicated also in the CLL patients with normal C5 pattern by significantly higher sC5b-9 (p = 0.043, ). Compared to NC, higher C activity was indicated also in the CLL patients with normal C5 pattern by significantly higher sC5b-9 (p = 0.043, ="fig" "pone.0209024.g002">Fig 2A ) but not by C5a levels (p = ns, ) but not by C5a levels (p = ns, ="fig" "pone.0209024.g002">Fig 2B ). The levels of the two activity markers were significantly correlated (). The levels of the two activity markers were significantly correlated ( ="fig" "pone.0209024.g002">Fig 2C ).). source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: The basal levels (without activation) of the C activity soluble C5b-9 (sC5b-9, the terminal product of the C cascade) and C5a, were measured. Significantly higher basal levels of both markers were found in CLL patients with abnormal C5 pattern ( ="fig" "pone.0209024.g002">Fig 2 ). Compared to NC, higher C activity was indicated also in the CLL patients with normal C5 pattern by significantly higher sC5b-9 (p = 0.043, ). Compared to NC, higher C activity was indicated also in the CLL patients with normal C5 pattern by significantly higher sC5b-9 (p = 0.043, ="fig" "pone.0209024.g002">Fig 2A ) but not by C5a levels (p = ns, ) but not by C5a levels (p = ns, ="fig" "pone.0209024.g002">Fig 2B ). The levels of the two activity markers were significantly correlated (). The levels of the two activity markers were significantly correlated ( ="fig" "pone.0209024.g002">Fig 2C ).). A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=64yo Pacific Islander male
file_name=biomedica_00194749.jpg caption=Descriptive analyses explored the distribution of current contraception and covariates by employment sector. Recognizing the large number of plausible confounders identified, we created a directed acyclic graph (DAG) model to reduce bias, improve precision and transparency, and guide multivariable regression variable selection ( ="fig" "pone.0248391.g001">Fig 1 ).). DAGs are visual tools used to represent hypothesized, causal relationships (depicted by unidirectional arrows) between variables (depicted by nodes). The DAG pathways in ="fig" "pone.0248391.g001">Fig 1 were created based on existing research, as well as authors’ topical and theoretical expertise [ were created based on existing research, as well as authors’ topical and theoretical expertise [69–71]. Reviewed research covered all assessed variables, including parity [40,72], son preference [34,72], age [11,31,40], urban/rural residence [12,73], education [12,37,72,74], SC/ST or OBC status [40,72,75], household wealth [31,72 source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Descriptive analyses explored the distribution of current contraception and covariates by employment sector. Recognizing the large number of plausible confounders identified, we created a directed acyclic graph (DAG) model to reduce bias, improve precision and transparency, and guide multivariable regression variable selection ( ="fig" "pone.0248391.g001">Fig 1 ).). DAGs are visual tools used to represent hypothesized, causal relationships (depicted by unidirectional arrows) between variables (depicted by nodes). The DAG pathways in ="fig" "pone.0248391.g001">Fig 1 were created based on existing research, as well as authors’ topical and theoretical expertise [ were created based on existing research, as well as authors’ topical and theoretical expertise [69–71]. Reviewed research covered all assessed variables, including parity [40,72], son preference [34,72], age [11,31,40], urban/rural residence [12,73], education [12,37,72,74], SC/ST or OBC status [40,72,75], household wealth [31 think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=32yo Hispanic female
file_name=biomedica_00343365.jpg caption=A 35-year-old female non-smoker patient received a Ø 3.8 × 10 mm implant (Implantium, Dentium, Suwon, Republic of Korea) placed at the missing site of tooth #42 after orthodontic treatment. There was no exposure of the implant at the time of surgery. The prosthesis was placed 4 months later, and no esthetic deficit occurred. After 3 years of prosthesis delivery, the patient returned to the clinic because of a change in gingival color. The gray color of implant #42 was shown through the peri-implant mucosa. The phenotype of the labial peri-implant mucosa was also very thin ( "medicina-60-00841-g002" ="fig">Figure 2 a). No interproximal bone resorption was observed in panoramic radiography (a). No interproximal bone resorption was observed in panoramic radiography ( "medicina-60-00841-g002" ="fig">Figure 2 b). This is PSTD Class I, according to Zucchelli et al. [b). This is PSTD Class I, according to Zucchelli et al. [3]. Under local anesthesia, vertical incisions and crevicular incision source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: A 35-year-old female non-smoker patient received a Ø 3.8 × 10 mm implant (Implantium, Dentium, Suwon, Republic of Korea) placed at the missing site of tooth #42 after orthodontic treatment. There was no exposure of the implant at the time of surgery. The prosthesis was placed 4 months later, and no esthetic deficit occurred. After 3 years of prosthesis delivery, the patient returned to the clinic because of a change in gingival color. The gray color of implant #42 was shown through the peri-implant mucosa. The phenotype of the labial peri-implant mucosa was also very thin ( "medicina-60-00841-g002" ="fig">Figure 2 a). No interproximal bone resorption was observed in panoramic radiography (a). No interproximal bone resorption was observed in panoramic radiography ( "medicina-60-00841-g002" ="fig">Figure 2 b). This is PSTD Class I, according to Zucchelli et al. [b). This is PSTD Class I, according to Zucchelli et al. [3]. Under local anesthesia, vertical incisions and crevicular incis think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=28yo South Asian female
file_name=biomedica_00648086.jpg caption=In analyses examining the relative contributions of student social skills and the key explanatory factors, a hierarchical partitioning algorithm was used to partition the independent and joint contributions of each predictor to the goodness-of-fit (R-squared) of the regression model. In Fig. "12889_2024_18560_Fig1_HTML" ="fig">1 , the proportion of fit that can be independently attributable to each predictor is displayed. Specifically, each boxplot indicates the range of the attributable fraction over the 10 imputed data sets. Reported at the mean of these ranges, student social skills accounted for 9.8% of the independently attributable variance in the adult CMR composite. This compares to the key explanatory factors in which socio-demographics accounted for 30.6%, infant characteristics accounted for 3.8%, parental SES accounted for 28.7%, and child health status accounted for 27.1% of the independently attributable variance in the adult CMR composite., the proportion of fit that can source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: In analyses examining the relative contributions of student social skills and the key explanatory factors, a hierarchical partitioning algorithm was used to partition the independent and joint contributions of each predictor to the goodness-of-fit (R-squared) of the regression model. In Fig. "12889_2024_18560_Fig1_HTML" ="fig">1 , the proportion of fit that can be independently attributable to each predictor is displayed. Specifically, each boxplot indicates the range of the attributable fraction over the 10 imputed data sets. Reported at the mean of these ranges, student social skills accounted for 9.8% of the independently attributable variance in the adult CMR composite. This compares to the key explanatory factors in which socio-demographics accounted for 30.6%, infant characteristics accounted for 3.8%, parental SES accounted for 28.7%, and child health status accounted for 27.1% of the independently attributable variance in the adult CMR composite., the proportion of fit that think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=48yo Middle Eastern male
file_name=pathvqa_00008113.jpg caption=Pathology Question: does ischemic injury showing surface blebs show apple-green birefringence under polarized light, a diagnostic feature of amyloid? Answer: no source=pathvqa enhanced_caption=O: Pathology Question: does ischemic injury showing surface blebs show apple-green birefringence under polarized light, a diagnostic feature of amyloid? Answer: no A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD Z13.9 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=Z13.9 uncertainty=medium modality=pathology demographic=48yo Middle Eastern male
file_name=biomedica_00578423.jpg caption=SEM images of the laser-produced Ti particles at varying laser fluences with and without sonication are shown in "nanomaterials-13-02201-g002a" ="fig">Figure 2 . The images demonstrate that all particles were regularly spherical. At a low fluence of 7.6 J/cm. The images demonstrate that all particles were regularly spherical. At a low fluence of 7.6 J/cm2, the particle size exhibited a wide distribution, with the majority of particles appearing as NPs. Particle size increased with laser fluence until the plateau fluence 28.5 J/cm2 followed by a size decrease at 38 J/cm2. This decrease in particle size at higher fluence can be attributed to the further breakdown of the ablated particles under the influence of high laser energy. Upon close examination at high magnification in "nanomaterials-13-02201-g002a" ="fig">Figure 2 e (at 7.6 J/cme (at 7.6 J/cm2), it can be observed that the laser fluence produced NPs with a majority well below 100 nm, and some even as small as approximately 20 nm. source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: SEM images of the laser-produced Ti particles at varying laser fluences with and without sonication are shown in "nanomaterials-13-02201-g002a" ="fig">Figure 2 . The images demonstrate that all particles were regularly spherical. At a low fluence of 7.6 J/cm. The images demonstrate that all particles were regularly spherical. At a low fluence of 7.6 J/cm2, the particle size exhibited a wide distribution, with the majority of particles appearing as NPs. Particle size increased with laser fluence until the plateau fluence 28.5 J/cm2 followed by a size decrease at 38 J/cm2. This decrease in particle size at higher fluence can be attributed to the further breakdown of the ablated particles under the influence of high laser energy. Upon close examination at high magnification in "nanomaterials-13-02201-g002a" ="fig">Figure 2 e (at 7.6 J/cme (at 7.6 J/cm2), it can be observed that the laser fluence produced NPs with a majority well below 100 nm, and some even as small as approximately 20 think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=48yo Middle Eastern male
file_name=biomedica_00207933.jpg caption=More recently, hybrid erythrocyte liposomes were prepared by doping the RBCcm with small amounts of 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine (DMPS) as shown in "membranes-12-01226-g004" ="fig">Figure 4 A, to enhance retention of the cationic PmB [A, to enhance retention of the cationic PmB [89]. Incorporation of negative charges achieved an increased loading efficiency of ∼90%, suggesting that retention is dominated by electrostatic attractions between the PmB molecules and the membrane lipids. While PmB is known to interact with bacterial membranes through insertion [90,91], the presence of cholesterol in the erythrocyte membrane was shown to prevent membrane collapse by stabilizing the bilayer structure. These Erythro-PmBs were made specific to E. coli bacteria through conjugation of anti-E. coli antibodies to 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[maleimide (polyethylene glycol)-2,000] (PEG-MAL(2,000)) lipids incorporated in the erythrocyte membrane, as shown in "me source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: More recently, hybrid erythrocyte liposomes were prepared by doping the RBCcm with small amounts of 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine (DMPS) as shown in "membranes-12-01226-g004" ="fig">Figure 4 A, to enhance retention of the cationic PmB [A, to enhance retention of the cationic PmB [89]. Incorporation of negative charges achieved an increased loading efficiency of ∼90%, suggesting that retention is dominated by electrostatic attractions between the PmB molecules and the membrane lipids. While PmB is known to interact with bacterial membranes through insertion [90,91], the presence of cholesterol in the erythrocyte membrane was shown to prevent membrane collapse by stabilizing the bilayer structure. These Erythro-PmBs were made specific to E. coli bacteria through conjugation of anti-E. coli antibodies to 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[maleimide (polyethylene glycol)-2,000] (PEG-MAL(2,000)) lipids incorporated in the erythrocyte membrane, as shown in think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=71yo Asian male
file_name=biomedica_00582236.jpg caption=Body slender, habitus straight. Cuticle with fine transverse striae. Head continuous with body contour, slightly truncate (Fig. "13071_2020_4548_Fig3_HTML" ="fig">3 a), not annulated. Labial papillae not observed, amphidial opening like a pore at the level of four distinct cephalic papillae (Fig. a), not annulated. Labial papillae not observed, amphidial opening like a pore at the level of four distinct cephalic papillae (Fig. "13071_2020_4548_Fig3_HTML" ="fig">3 b). Oral aperture and anus closed. Lateral fields with eight notorious ridges at midbody region (Fig. b). Oral aperture and anus closed. Lateral fields with eight notorious ridges at midbody region (Fig. "13071_2020_4548_Fig3_HTML" ="fig">3 c). Long esophagous, narrow, procorpus slightly expanded, narrowing in isthmus and base bulb pyriform (Fig. c). Long esophagous, narrow, procorpus slightly expanded, narrowing in isthmus and base bulb pyriform (Fig. "13071_2020_4548_Fig3_HTML" ="fig">3 a). Excretory pore at mid-esophagous l source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Body slender, habitus straight. Cuticle with fine transverse striae. Head continuous with body contour, slightly truncate (Fig. "13071_2020_4548_Fig3_HTML" ="fig">3 a), not annulated. Labial papillae not observed, amphidial opening like a pore at the level of four distinct cephalic papillae (Fig. a), not annulated. Labial papillae not observed, amphidial opening like a pore at the level of four distinct cephalic papillae (Fig. "13071_2020_4548_Fig3_HTML" ="fig">3 b). Oral aperture and anus closed. Lateral fields with eight notorious ridges at midbody region (Fig. b). Oral aperture and anus closed. Lateral fields with eight notorious ridges at midbody region (Fig. "13071_2020_4548_Fig3_HTML" ="fig">3 c). Long esophagous, narrow, procorpus slightly expanded, narrowing in isthmus and base bulb pyriform (Fig. c). Long esophagous, narrow, procorpus slightly expanded, narrowing in isthmus and base bulb pyriform (Fig. "13071_2020_4548_Fig3_HTML" ="fig">3 a). Excretory pore at mid-esophagou think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=32yo Hispanic female
file_name=biomedica_00314354.jpg caption=(A) Se K-edge micro X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectra of Brazil nut at locations shown in Figure 2A. The “Blob” (red graph) is the average spectrum of spots 0, 1 and 3, the “Inside” (green graph) is the average spectrum of spots 6 and 7 and the “Rim” (blue graph) is the average spectrum of spots 9 and 10. Spectra of selected standard compounds are shown in black for comparison. (B) Se valence scatter plot of the Brazil nut X-ray absorption near-edge structure data (same color as in panel A), plus spot 4 is in magenta and spot 2 is in orange. Se standard compounds are shown as open black squares. source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: (A) Se K-edge micro X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectra of Brazil nut at locations shown in Figure 2A. The “Blob” (red graph) is the average spectrum of spots 0, 1 and 3, the “Inside” (green graph) is the average spectrum of spots 6 and 7 and the “Rim” (blue graph) is the average spectrum of spots 9 and 10. Spectra of selected standard compounds are shown in black for comparison. (B) Se valence scatter plot of the Brazil nut X-ray absorption near-edge structure data (same color as in panel A), plus spot 4 is in magenta and spot 2 is in orange. Se standard compounds are shown as open black squares. A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=25yo White male
file_name=pmcvqa_00072125.jpg caption=Clinical Question: What is the size of the lesion seen on the cardiac MRI in (a)? Answer: 3.3 × 4.2 cm source=pmcvqa enhanced_caption=O: Clinical Question: What is the size of the lesion seen on the cardiac MRI in (a)? Answer: 3.3 × 4.2 cm A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=radiology demographic=45yo Black male
file_name=biomedica_00249196.jpg caption=Given that surgeons repeatedly perform the same operation with the same team members, it is conceivable that operative times become shorter because of the experience level of the surgeon and/or the surgical team. In order to assess whether the shorter operative time with 3D visualization was purely the result of surgical team experience, we drew chronological trend lines for operative times before and after introduction of the 3D system (Fig. "41598_2019_40269_Fig3_HTML" ="fig">3 ). These did not show clear chronological improvement, but rather clear gaps before and after introduction of the 3D system. This suggests that shorter operative times resulted from the introduction of 3D laparoscopic system.). These did not show clear chronological improvement, but rather clear gaps before and after introduction of the 3D system. This suggests that shorter operative times resulted from the introduction of 3D laparoscopic system.Figure 3Chronological changes for operative time in LTG (a) and L source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Given that surgeons repeatedly perform the same operation with the same team members, it is conceivable that operative times become shorter because of the experience level of the surgeon and/or the surgical team. In order to assess whether the shorter operative time with 3D visualization was purely the result of surgical team experience, we drew chronological trend lines for operative times before and after introduction of the 3D system (Fig. "41598_2019_40269_Fig3_HTML" ="fig">3 ). These did not show clear chronological improvement, but rather clear gaps before and after introduction of the 3D system. This suggests that shorter operative times resulted from the introduction of 3D laparoscopic system.). These did not show clear chronological improvement, but rather clear gaps before and after introduction of the 3D system. This suggests that shorter operative times resulted from the introduction of 3D laparoscopic system.Figure 3Chronological changes for operative time in LTG (a) an think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=64yo Pacific Islander male
file_name=biomedica_00733321.jpg caption=Under O2 depletion, both episodic plumes of H2S in continental shelf regions and permanent H2S under sulfidic conditions are produced by SO42–-reducing bacteria from SO42– 4,6,7. Based on 16S rRNA amplicons, diverse SO42−-reducing populations were detected at 90 m, accounting for 0.4% of total prokaryotes in the blue hole, which increased rapidly between 100 m and 300 m (10.6–16.7%). These SO42−reducers included Desulfatiglans (family Desulfarculaceae, 3.0–10.2%) and Desulfurivibrio (family Desulfobulbaceae, 0.1–2.6%). In addition, an unclassified genus in the Desulfobacteraceae (2.4–3.9%) and an unclassified genus in the Desulfobulbaceae (0.4–5.8%) were also identified. Among these taxa, Desulfococcus (0.04–0.21%) and Desulfovibrio (0.05–0.21%) were also detected in OMZ waters off the Chilean Coast4. The relative abundances of sequences associated with the Desulfovibrionaceae, Desulfarculaceae, Desulfobulbaceae, and Desulphobacteraceae were represented in Fig. "41598_2020_62411_Fig8_H source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Under O2 depletion, both episodic plumes of H2S in continental shelf regions and permanent H2S under sulfidic conditions are produced by SO42–-reducing bacteria from SO42– 4,6,7. Based on 16S rRNA amplicons, diverse SO42−-reducing populations were detected at 90 m, accounting for 0.4% of total prokaryotes in the blue hole, which increased rapidly between 100 m and 300 m (10.6–16.7%). These SO42−reducers included Desulfatiglans (family Desulfarculaceae, 3.0–10.2%) and Desulfurivibrio (family Desulfobulbaceae, 0.1–2.6%). In addition, an unclassified genus in the Desulfobacteraceae (2.4–3.9%) and an unclassified genus in the Desulfobulbaceae (0.4–5.8%) were also identified. Among these taxa, Desulfococcus (0.04–0.21%) and Desulfovibrio (0.05–0.21%) were also detected in OMZ waters off the Chilean Coast4. The relative abundances of sequences associated with the Desulfovibrionaceae, Desulfarculaceae, Desulfobulbaceae, and Desulphobacteraceae were represented in Fig. "41598_2020_62411_Fig think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD Z13.9 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=Z13.9 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=71yo Asian male
file_name=biomedica_00358035.jpg caption=To assess the robustness of the HFB results presented, we varied the frequency range of the measured HFB power changes in the contralateral and ipsilateral visual stimulation during the ECoG measurements. We opted for three different frequency ranges: low-gamma (30:64 Hz) high-gamma (65:130 Hz), and the all-gamma band (all-gamma: 30:130 Hz), see Fig. "429_2021_2342_Fig6_HTML" ="fig">6 ..Fig. 6Summary results for both participants (P1&P2) and all selected electrodes for the low-gamma (31:64 Hz) high-gamma (65:130 Hz), and all-gamma (31:130 Hz); PBR and NBR % signal change was extracted from the local HRFs computed underneath each selected electrode. Panel A–C, data from P1. Gamma power results shows the contra-lateral (red dots) and ipsi-lateral (blue dots) conditions compared to the BOLD response for each electrode (each dot represents one electrode). Panel A shows the association between PBR and all-gamma power. On the other hand, NBR is observed in the absence of HFB power responses, source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: To assess the robustness of the HFB results presented, we varied the frequency range of the measured HFB power changes in the contralateral and ipsilateral visual stimulation during the ECoG measurements. We opted for three different frequency ranges: low-gamma (30:64 Hz) high-gamma (65:130 Hz), and the all-gamma band (all-gamma: 30:130 Hz), see Fig. "429_2021_2342_Fig6_HTML" ="fig">6 ..Fig. 6Summary results for both participants (P1&P2) and all selected electrodes for the low-gamma (31:64 Hz) high-gamma (65:130 Hz), and all-gamma (31:130 Hz); PBR and NBR % signal change was extracted from the local HRFs computed underneath each selected electrode. Panel A–C, data from P1. Gamma power results shows the contra-lateral (red dots) and ipsi-lateral (blue dots) conditions compared to the BOLD response for each electrode (each dot represents one electrode). Panel A shows the association between PBR and all-gamma power. On the other hand, NBR is observed in the absence of HFB power respons think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=55yo Hispanic male
file_name=biomedica_00096186.jpg caption=CV staining was used to determine the biomass of pre-grown E. coli MG1655 biofilms after treatments with PMB, LL-37, and PMB + LL-37. When pre-grown biofilms were treated with 2 μg/mL and 4 μg/mL PMB, there were insignificant increases to bacterial biomass in comparison with the no treatment control ( "antibiotics-12-00389-g005" ="fig">Figure 5 ). Treatment with 8 μg/mL PMB, however, led to a statistically significant increase in biomass (). Treatment with 8 μg/mL PMB, however, led to a statistically significant increase in biomass (p < 0.01, ANOVA). Both PMB and LL-37 individual treatment at 16 μg/mL did not result in significant changes relative to the no treatment control. Likewise, when 2 μg/mL and 4 μg/mL PMB were added to 16 μg/mL LL-37, there was no change in biofilm eradication compared with the control. In contrast, adding increasing doses of PMB to 16 μg/mL LL-37 increased biofilm eradication; the combinations of 8 μg/mL PMB + 16 μg/mL LL-37 and 16 μg/mL PMB + 16 μg/mL LL-37 source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: CV staining was used to determine the biomass of pre-grown E. coli MG1655 biofilms after treatments with PMB, LL-37, and PMB + LL-37. When pre-grown biofilms were treated with 2 μg/mL and 4 μg/mL PMB, there were insignificant increases to bacterial biomass in comparison with the no treatment control ( "antibiotics-12-00389-g005" ="fig">Figure 5 ). Treatment with 8 μg/mL PMB, however, led to a statistically significant increase in biomass (). Treatment with 8 μg/mL PMB, however, led to a statistically significant increase in biomass (p < 0.01, ANOVA). Both PMB and LL-37 individual treatment at 16 μg/mL did not result in significant changes relative to the no treatment control. Likewise, when 2 μg/mL and 4 μg/mL PMB were added to 16 μg/mL LL-37, there was no change in biofilm eradication compared with the control. In contrast, adding increasing doses of PMB to 16 μg/mL LL-37 increased biofilm eradication; the combinations of 8 μg/mL PMB + 16 μg/mL LL-37 and 16 μg/mL PMB + 16 μg/mL LL- think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=58yo White female
file_name=biomedica_00449827.jpg caption=Chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia, a mitochondrial disease caused by mutations in POLG1 (DNA polymerase subunit gamma 1) and other genes encoding mitochondrial proteins, often present with comorbid mood disorders [7]. The pathogenic mutations in POLG1 generally result in the loss of proofreading and/or polymerase activities of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) polymerase and cause accumulation of deleted mtDNA in the cells [8, 9]. We have previously generated transgenic (Tg) mice carrying the mutant Polg1 (D181A) under the neuron-specific Camk2a promoter (Fig. "13041_2021_894_Fig1_HTML" ="fig">1 a) [a) [10]. The mutant mice showed neuron-specific accumulation of deleted mtDNA and behavioral abnormalities potentially capturing some facet of BD, such as recurrent and spontaneous depression-like episodes associated with emotional, vegetative and psychomotor disturbances, and response to antidepressant, mood stabilizer, and electroconvulsive treatments [8, 10, 11]. In this study, we ide source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia, a mitochondrial disease caused by mutations in POLG1 (DNA polymerase subunit gamma 1) and other genes encoding mitochondrial proteins, often present with comorbid mood disorders [7]. The pathogenic mutations in POLG1 generally result in the loss of proofreading and/or polymerase activities of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) polymerase and cause accumulation of deleted mtDNA in the cells [8, 9]. We have previously generated transgenic (Tg) mice carrying the mutant Polg1 (D181A) under the neuron-specific Camk2a promoter (Fig. "13041_2021_894_Fig1_HTML" ="fig">1 a) [a) [10]. The mutant mice showed neuron-specific accumulation of deleted mtDNA and behavioral abnormalities potentially capturing some facet of BD, such as recurrent and spontaneous depression-like episodes associated with emotional, vegetative and psychomotor disturbances, and response to antidepressant, mood stabilizer, and electroconvulsive treatments [8, 10, 11]. In this study, we think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=64yo Pacific Islander male
file_name=biomedica_00364957.jpg caption=To test the idea that the filaments decorated by ELP-1::GFP were microtubules, we treated worms with the microtubule inhibitor, nocodazole. Because the worm cuticle is an effective barrier to nocodazole, we gently pressed worms between a slide and coverslip to extrude their intestines. This process was done in the presence of levamisole, an acetylcholine agonist, which was used to paralyze the worms for microscopy. In Figure ="fig" "1471-213X-8-110-8">8 , the worm was flattened and the intestines were gently extruded. The filaments in the extruded layer were stable for 30 minutes or more in the absence of nocodazole. The decorated filaments began to degrade within seconds and were entirely de-polymerized after two minutes in nocodazole. When the fluorescence disappeared the intestinal fragments noticeably flattened and the remnants of the worm contracted. This result indicates that ELP-1::GFP associates with microtubules , the worm was flattened and the intestines were gently extruded. source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: To test the idea that the filaments decorated by ELP-1::GFP were microtubules, we treated worms with the microtubule inhibitor, nocodazole. Because the worm cuticle is an effective barrier to nocodazole, we gently pressed worms between a slide and coverslip to extrude their intestines. This process was done in the presence of levamisole, an acetylcholine agonist, which was used to paralyze the worms for microscopy. In Figure ="fig" "1471-213X-8-110-8">8 , the worm was flattened and the intestines were gently extruded. The filaments in the extruded layer were stable for 30 minutes or more in the absence of nocodazole. The decorated filaments began to degrade within seconds and were entirely de-polymerized after two minutes in nocodazole. When the fluorescence disappeared the intestinal fragments noticeably flattened and the remnants of the worm contracted. This result indicates that ELP-1::GFP associates with microtubules , the worm was flattened and the intestines were gently extrud think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=32yo Hispanic female
file_name=biomedica_00666381.jpg caption=The eight consistently upregulated DEGs (ITGB6, TPM1, ITGB8, CRYAB, ANXA2, PFKFB3, SOX4, and ID1) were validated in mouse models. An experimental model for sepsis-induced AKI was established using CLP. Meanwhile, an RM-AKI model was established using glycerol injection. The expression levels of Tpm1, Itgb6, Itgb8, and Id1 were significantly upregulated in the experimental models ( "IRNF_A_2409348_F0008_C" ="fig">Figure 8A–H ). Additionally, the expression levels of these genes in the sepsis-induced AKI model were higher than those in the RM-AKI model.). Additionally, the expression levels of these genes in the sepsis-induced AKI model were higher than those in the RM-AKI model. An in vitro cell model for sepsis-induced AKI was established using LPS. This study focused on five key genes (TPM1, ITGB6, ITGB8, ID1, ACTB, and PFKFB3). In the GSE183276 and GSE131822 datasets, the TEC expression levels of TPM1, ITGB6, ITGB8, ID1, and PFKFB3 in the AKI and DKD groups were upregulated when comp source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: The eight consistently upregulated DEGs (ITGB6, TPM1, ITGB8, CRYAB, ANXA2, PFKFB3, SOX4, and ID1) were validated in mouse models. An experimental model for sepsis-induced AKI was established using CLP. Meanwhile, an RM-AKI model was established using glycerol injection. The expression levels of Tpm1, Itgb6, Itgb8, and Id1 were significantly upregulated in the experimental models ( "IRNF_A_2409348_F0008_C" ="fig">Figure 8A–H ). Additionally, the expression levels of these genes in the sepsis-induced AKI model were higher than those in the RM-AKI model.). Additionally, the expression levels of these genes in the sepsis-induced AKI model were higher than those in the RM-AKI model. An in vitro cell model for sepsis-induced AKI was established using LPS. This study focused on five key genes (TPM1, ITGB6, ITGB8, ID1, ACTB, and PFKFB3). In the GSE183276 and GSE131822 datasets, the TEC expression levels of TPM1, ITGB6, ITGB8, ID1, and PFKFB3 in the AKI and DKD groups were upregulated when c think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=32yo Hispanic female
file_name=biomedica_00339410.jpg caption=We modeled the retrospective treatment policy by the ICU physicians using a random forest model that predicted the clinicians’ treatment decisions. The micro-average multiclass Area under the Receiver Operator Characteristic Curve for the random forest model was 0.8 (Supplemental Figure S2). The most relevant input features underlying the decisions of the reinforcement learning algorithm and the random forest model, respectively, are presented in Supplemental Tables S3 and S4 and Supplemental Figure S3. Both algorithms relied on vital parameters and laboratory values to determine the optimal treatment policy. However, vasopressor use and PEEP were distinctly more relevant for the clinician policy. Accordingly, although the reinforcement learning agent was consistently more restrictive compared to human clinicians, the difference is more obvious in patients who met the criteria for septic shock ( "jcm-12-01513-g005" ="fig">Figure 5 ).). Comparison between the evaluation (RL) policy and source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: We modeled the retrospective treatment policy by the ICU physicians using a random forest model that predicted the clinicians’ treatment decisions. The micro-average multiclass Area under the Receiver Operator Characteristic Curve for the random forest model was 0.8 (Supplemental Figure S2). The most relevant input features underlying the decisions of the reinforcement learning algorithm and the random forest model, respectively, are presented in Supplemental Tables S3 and S4 and Supplemental Figure S3. Both algorithms relied on vital parameters and laboratory values to determine the optimal treatment policy. However, vasopressor use and PEEP were distinctly more relevant for the clinician policy. Accordingly, although the reinforcement learning agent was consistently more restrictive compared to human clinicians, the difference is more obvious in patients who met the criteria for septic shock ( "jcm-12-01513-g005" ="fig">Figure 5 ).). Comparison between the evaluation (RL) policy a think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=39yo Middle Eastern female
file_name=biomedica_00461533.jpg caption=As of [DATE], a total of 1979 cases from the two hospitals in Wuhan were identified. The Wuhan cohort included 35.9% (n=710) of all patients from Wuhan, selected using a computer-generated simple random sampling method, formed the Wuhan cohort. In the Wuhan cohort, illness onset in the first case was noted on [DATE], and the first hospitalization occurred on [DATE] (Fig. "12879_2020_5728_Fig1_HTML" ="fig">1 a). a). Fig. 1a Time of illness onset and hospital admission of patients in the Wuhan cohort; b Distribution of patients with COVID-19 in the Sichuan cohort (The data of administrative areas were downloaded from the Database of Global Administrative Areas [GADM] freely available for academic use and we drew this figure using QGIS software version 3.8.3); c Time of illness onset and hospital admission of patients in the Sichuan cohort There were 538 patients with COVID-19 who were consecutively admitted to 41 designated hospitals in Sichuan Province. The Sichuan cohort comprised 474 source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: As of [DATE], a total of 1979 cases from the two hospitals in Wuhan were identified. The Wuhan cohort included 35.9% (n=710) of all patients from Wuhan, selected using a computer-generated simple random sampling method, formed the Wuhan cohort. In the Wuhan cohort, illness onset in the first case was noted on [DATE], and the first hospitalization occurred on [DATE] (Fig. "12879_2020_5728_Fig1_HTML" ="fig">1 a). a). Fig. 1a Time of illness onset and hospital admission of patients in the Wuhan cohort; b Distribution of patients with COVID-19 in the Sichuan cohort (The data of administrative areas were downloaded from the Database of Global Administrative Areas [GADM] freely available for academic use and we drew this figure using QGIS software version 3.8.3); c Time of illness onset and hospital admission of patients in the Sichuan cohort There were 538 patients with COVID-19 who were consecutively admitted to 41 designated hospitals in Sichuan Province. The Sichuan cohort comprised 4 think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=25yo White male
file_name=biomedica_00645693.jpg caption=The physical-mechanical properties of composites filled with combination of CB and ferrite are, in graphical illustrations, compared with the characteristics of equivalent composites filled only with magnetic filler. As shown in ="fig" "polymers-13-00616-g010">Figure 10 , modulus M300 of hybrid CB/ferrite composites was higher in comparison with the corresponding composites filled with magnetic filler. Similarly, composites filled only with ferrite exhibited lower tensile strength (, modulus M300 of hybrid CB/ferrite composites was higher in comparison with the corresponding composites filled with magnetic filler. Similarly, composites filled only with ferrite exhibited lower tensile strength ( ="fig" "polymers-13-00616-g011">Figure 11 ). The application of CB leads to the reinforcement of the rubber matrix and thus to the increase of tensile strength. The greatest difference in tensile strength was possible to see in the case of reference samples and composites with lower ferrite cont source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: The physical-mechanical properties of composites filled with combination of CB and ferrite are, in graphical illustrations, compared with the characteristics of equivalent composites filled only with magnetic filler. As shown in ="fig" "polymers-13-00616-g010">Figure 10 , modulus M300 of hybrid CB/ferrite composites was higher in comparison with the corresponding composites filled with magnetic filler. Similarly, composites filled only with ferrite exhibited lower tensile strength (, modulus M300 of hybrid CB/ferrite composites was higher in comparison with the corresponding composites filled with magnetic filler. Similarly, composites filled only with ferrite exhibited lower tensile strength ( ="fig" "polymers-13-00616-g011">Figure 11 ). The application of CB leads to the reinforcement of the rubber matrix and thus to the increase of tensile strength. The greatest difference in tensile strength was possible to see in the case of reference samples and composites with lower ferrite c think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=58yo White female
file_name=biomedica_00534700.jpg caption=To mitigate dendrite formation and other undesirable reactions, it is crucial to minimize sub-reactions between Li metal and SSEs and SEI formation. The introduction of an artificial SEI has shown promise for inhibiting dendrite growth and ensuring uniform Li deposition. Connell et al. utilized Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) to create a coating layer on Li6PS5Cl sulfide-based SSE powders, resulting in improved stability and a two-fold increase in ion conductivity ( "micromachines-15-00453-g004" ="fig">Figure 4 ) [) [35]. In addition, ALD is a method of depositing thin films which relies on sequential gas-phase chemical processes. It falls within the broader category of Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD). The enhanced ion conductivity was attributed to a decrease in the Arrhenius activation energy owing to the coating. Additionally, optimizing the coating thickness is essential to prevent hindered Li+ conductivity caused by excessively thick Al2O3 layers. source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: To mitigate dendrite formation and other undesirable reactions, it is crucial to minimize sub-reactions between Li metal and SSEs and SEI formation. The introduction of an artificial SEI has shown promise for inhibiting dendrite growth and ensuring uniform Li deposition. Connell et al. utilized Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) to create a coating layer on Li6PS5Cl sulfide-based SSE powders, resulting in improved stability and a two-fold increase in ion conductivity ( "micromachines-15-00453-g004" ="fig">Figure 4 ) [) [35]. In addition, ALD is a method of depositing thin films which relies on sequential gas-phase chemical processes. It falls within the broader category of Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD). The enhanced ion conductivity was attributed to a decrease in the Arrhenius activation energy owing to the coating. Additionally, optimizing the coating thickness is essential to prevent hindered Li+ conductivity caused by excessively thick Al2O3 layers. A: Clinical findings require cor think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=52yo Indigenous male
file_name=biomedica_00649211.jpg caption=The health worker survey targeted doctors, nurses, midwives, dentists, pharmacists, and other health workers. Individuals were invited to participate in the study either through professional association membership or through their place of work. The survey was in English, and the questionnaire was broadly replicated across all four of the project’s study sites. Questions explored respondent’s training, living, and working experiences as well as their views regarding the migration of highly trained health personnel. A total of 1736 Indian health workers completed the survey using a paper-based format in face-to-face encounters, 1337 in Kerala, and 399 in Punjab. Out of this total, 1719 surveys were adequately completed and could be analyzed (see Fig. "12960_2017_199_Fig1_HTML" ="fig">1 for the occupational sample comparison). The larger sample in Kerala was a result of our survey being conducted in combination with a broader migration policy institute survey. for the occupational sample source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: The health worker survey targeted doctors, nurses, midwives, dentists, pharmacists, and other health workers. Individuals were invited to participate in the study either through professional association membership or through their place of work. The survey was in English, and the questionnaire was broadly replicated across all four of the project’s study sites. Questions explored respondent’s training, living, and working experiences as well as their views regarding the migration of highly trained health personnel. A total of 1736 Indian health workers completed the survey using a paper-based format in face-to-face encounters, 1337 in Kerala, and 399 in Punjab. Out of this total, 1719 surveys were adequately completed and could be analyzed (see Fig. "12960_2017_199_Fig1_HTML" ="fig">1 for the occupational sample comparison). The larger sample in Kerala was a result of our survey being conducted in combination with a broader migration policy institute survey. for the occupational sam think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=64yo Pacific Islander male
file_name=biomedica_00179068.jpg caption=Measured rates of pfHb accumulation were highly linear over testing periods as shown in Fig. "40635_2017_154_Fig5_HTML" ="fig">5 (Δ (ΔpfHb versus elapsed time R 2 > 0.95 in all tests). Table 1 shows the calculated hemolysis indices for the ULFED (at 4000 PRM) and the control device. NIH values for the standard-ULFED circuit (0.78 ± 0.19 g/100 L), dialysis-ULFED circuit (1.55 ± 0.03 g/100 L), and the control circuit (0.11 ± 0.01 g/100 L) each differed significantly from one another (ANOVA p < 0.001, all group-wise comparisons p < 0.001). The TIH value of the standard-ULFED (0.190 ± 0.041 g/100 min) did not differ significantly from the control circuit (0.123 ± 0.013 g/100 min; Welch’s test p < 0.001, group-wise p = 0.169). The hemolysis using dialysis circuit components (0.386 ± 0.010 g/100 min) was significantly greater than both other test groups (each p < 0.05). Average hematocrit at each sampling interval is shown in Fig. "40635_2017_154_Fig5_HTML" ="fig">5 (right). Hematocrit decre source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Measured rates of pfHb accumulation were highly linear over testing periods as shown in Fig. "40635_2017_154_Fig5_HTML" ="fig">5 (Δ (ΔpfHb versus elapsed time R 2 > 0.95 in all tests). Table 1 shows the calculated hemolysis indices for the ULFED (at 4000 PRM) and the control device. NIH values for the standard-ULFED circuit (0.78 ± 0.19 g/100 L), dialysis-ULFED circuit (1.55 ± 0.03 g/100 L), and the control circuit (0.11 ± 0.01 g/100 L) each differed significantly from one another (ANOVA p < 0.001, all group-wise comparisons p < 0.001). The TIH value of the standard-ULFED (0.190 ± 0.041 g/100 min) did not differ significantly from the control circuit (0.123 ± 0.013 g/100 min; Welch’s test p < 0.001, group-wise p = 0.169). The hemolysis using dialysis circuit components (0.386 ± 0.010 g/100 min) was significantly greater than both other test groups (each p < 0.05). Average hematocrit at each sampling interval is shown in Fig. "40635_2017_154_Fig5_HTML" ="fig">5 (right). Hematocrit de think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=25yo White male
file_name=biomedica_00745082.jpg caption=In summary, the sex chromosomes are conceivably the fundamental contributors to the sexual dimorphism. The Sry gene in the Y chromosome determines the gonadal development, and therefore influence the circulating levels of estrogen and testosterone. Increasing numbers of the X-linked genes are shown to regulate energy balance, although their roles in sex differences remain elusive. Estrogen-ER and testosterone-AR signals in the brain contribute to the regulation of energy balance in females and males, respectively; however, since testosterone can be converted to estrogen in certain brain regions, ER can also partially mediate testosterone’s actions in males. Importantly, autosome-encoded genes also contribute to the sex differences in energy balance through gonadal hormone-dependent or independent mechanisms (Fig. "13238_2021_834_Fig1_HTML" ="fig">1 ).).Figure 1Mechanisms underlying sex differences in body weight control. The Sry gene in the Y chromosome determines the gonadal developme source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: In summary, the sex chromosomes are conceivably the fundamental contributors to the sexual dimorphism. The Sry gene in the Y chromosome determines the gonadal development, and therefore influence the circulating levels of estrogen and testosterone. Increasing numbers of the X-linked genes are shown to regulate energy balance, although their roles in sex differences remain elusive. Estrogen-ER and testosterone-AR signals in the brain contribute to the regulation of energy balance in females and males, respectively; however, since testosterone can be converted to estrogen in certain brain regions, ER can also partially mediate testosterone’s actions in males. Importantly, autosome-encoded genes also contribute to the sex differences in energy balance through gonadal hormone-dependent or independent mechanisms (Fig. "13238_2021_834_Fig1_HTML" ="fig">1 ).).Figure 1Mechanisms underlying sex differences in body weight control. The Sry gene in the Y chromosome determines the gonadal develo think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=52yo Indigenous male
file_name=biomedica_00416664.jpg caption=In the ascending colon ( "ijms-24-16743-g003" ="fig">Figure 3 ), pigs receiving a diet with PF and ZnGly had significantly higher ), pigs receiving a diet with PF and ZnGly had significantly higher MUC5AC expression (p = 0.029), while both PF groups had greater MUC20 expression in comparison with the control group (p < 0.05). There was also a difference between fiber supplements in regard to MUC20 expression, which was higher in pigs fed diets supplemented with PF than in those fed LC diets (p = 0.026). Pigs fed ZnGly diets had significantly greater expression of MUC5AC and MUC20 in comparison with those given ZnSO4 diets (p < 0.01). source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: In the ascending colon ( "ijms-24-16743-g003" ="fig">Figure 3 ), pigs receiving a diet with PF and ZnGly had significantly higher ), pigs receiving a diet with PF and ZnGly had significantly higher MUC5AC expression (p = 0.029), while both PF groups had greater MUC20 expression in comparison with the control group (p < 0.05). There was also a difference between fiber supplements in regard to MUC20 expression, which was higher in pigs fed diets supplemented with PF than in those fed LC diets (p = 0.026). Pigs fed ZnGly diets had significantly greater expression of MUC5AC and MUC20 in comparison with those given ZnSO4 diets (p < 0.01). A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=39yo Middle Eastern female
file_name=biomedica_00300940.jpg caption=Hes1 has been shown to inhibit the expression and/or function of proneural proteins in mammals [23], [35]. In Xenopus, there are three homologues of Hes1, Xhairy1, Xhairy2A and Xhairy2B, all of which are expressed in the neural plate (Fig. S1, [18], [24]). We speculated that these Xhairy proteins may inhibit the function of Xngn2 and NeuroD. Overexpression of Xhairy1 or 2 by microinjection of mRNA at the 2 cell stage substantially reduced neuronal differentiation at neurula stage ( ="fig" "pone.0027880.g005">Fig. 5B, 5G, 5H , , Tables 4, 5, [18]). Furthermore, whilst injection of mRNA encoding Xngn2 or NeuroD produces extensive neurogenesis both within the neural plate and epidermis ( ="fig" "pone.0027880.g005">Fig. 5C, 5E, 5G, 5H , , Tables 4, 5), co-expression of Xhairy1 mRNA abolishes this phenotype ( ="fig" "pone.0027880.g005">Fig. 5D, 5F, 5G, 5H , , Tables 4, 5). We conclude that Xhairy1 powerfully inhibits the function of Xngn2 and NeuroD, consistent with the actions of homologou source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Hes1 has been shown to inhibit the expression and/or function of proneural proteins in mammals [23], [35]. In Xenopus, there are three homologues of Hes1, Xhairy1, Xhairy2A and Xhairy2B, all of which are expressed in the neural plate (Fig. S1, [18], [24]). We speculated that these Xhairy proteins may inhibit the function of Xngn2 and NeuroD. Overexpression of Xhairy1 or 2 by microinjection of mRNA at the 2 cell stage substantially reduced neuronal differentiation at neurula stage ( ="fig" "pone.0027880.g005">Fig. 5B, 5G, 5H , , Tables 4, 5, [18]). Furthermore, whilst injection of mRNA encoding Xngn2 or NeuroD produces extensive neurogenesis both within the neural plate and epidermis ( ="fig" "pone.0027880.g005">Fig. 5C, 5E, 5G, 5H , , Tables 4, 5), co-expression of Xhairy1 mRNA abolishes this phenotype ( ="fig" "pone.0027880.g005">Fig. 5D, 5F, 5G, 5H , , Tables 4, 5). We conclude that Xhairy1 powerfully inhibits the function of Xngn2 and NeuroD, consistent with the actions of homolo think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=52yo Indigenous male
file_name=biomedica_00045678.jpg caption=The estimated LD50 of sulfoxaflor for the 2nd instar H. variegata larvae 72 h after treatment was 48.35 ng ai per insect (95% confidence intervals 35.06–75.38 ng ai per insect), and it declined to 35.97 ng a.i. per insect 15 days after treatment (95% confidence intervals 26.06–54.88 ng ai per insect). The daily HQs for the second instar H. variegata larvae from day 1 to day 15 ranged from 0.5 to 1.33, all lower than 2, which is the limit of concern ( "toxics-11-00533-g002" ="fig">Figure 2 ).). source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: The estimated LD50 of sulfoxaflor for the 2nd instar H. variegata larvae 72 h after treatment was 48.35 ng ai per insect (95% confidence intervals 35.06–75.38 ng ai per insect), and it declined to 35.97 ng a.i. per insect 15 days after treatment (95% confidence intervals 26.06–54.88 ng ai per insect). The daily HQs for the second instar H. variegata larvae from day 1 to day 15 ranged from 0.5 to 1.33, all lower than 2, which is the limit of concern ( "toxics-11-00533-g002" ="fig">Figure 2 ).). A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=28yo South Asian female
file_name=biomedica_00692969.jpg caption=="fig" "materials-14-01052-g004">Figure 4 shows the evolution of electrical properties of the “IN“ solder joints as a function of the number of thermal cyclings. For easier comparison, all properties on the vertical axes were normalized with their respective value at the initial state (at 0 TC). After 25 TC, the “IN“ joints showed none or only a slight degradation of electrical properties, but after 50 TC, the normalized resistivity ( shows the evolution of electrical properties of the “IN“ solder joints as a function of the number of thermal cyclings. For easier comparison, all properties on the vertical axes were normalized with their respective value at the initial state (at 0 TC). After 25 TC, the “IN“ joints showed none or only a slight degradation of electrical properties, but after 50 TC, the normalized resistivity ( ="fig" "materials-14-01052-g004">Figure 4 a) of the G1.IN1 joint significantly increased. As a reason for the increase of a) of the G1.IN1 joint significantly incre source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: ="fig" "materials-14-01052-g004">Figure 4 shows the evolution of electrical properties of the “IN“ solder joints as a function of the number of thermal cyclings. For easier comparison, all properties on the vertical axes were normalized with their respective value at the initial state (at 0 TC). After 25 TC, the “IN“ joints showed none or only a slight degradation of electrical properties, but after 50 TC, the normalized resistivity ( shows the evolution of electrical properties of the “IN“ solder joints as a function of the number of thermal cyclings. For easier comparison, all properties on the vertical axes were normalized with their respective value at the initial state (at 0 TC). After 25 TC, the “IN“ joints showed none or only a slight degradation of electrical properties, but after 50 TC, the normalized resistivity ( ="fig" "materials-14-01052-g004">Figure 4 a) of the G1.IN1 joint significantly increased. As a reason for the increase of a) of the G1.IN1 joint significantly in think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=71yo Asian male
file_name=biomedica_00438920.jpg caption="sensors-24-01008-g007" ="fig">Figure 7 shows pictures of the two manufactured boards after the component soldering. shows pictures of the two manufactured boards after the component soldering. source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: "sensors-24-01008-g007" ="fig">Figure 7 shows pictures of the two manufactured boards after the component soldering. shows pictures of the two manufactured boards after the component soldering. A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=25yo White male
file_name=biomedica_00462682.jpg caption=Phylogenetic analysis of the EIV HA gene demonstrated that H3N8 EIV evolved as a single lineage for at least two decades and diverged during the mid-1980s into the American and European lineages, which are named as per their geographic origin. The latter has been included in the Eurasian lineage, with reports being made from 1989 to 1994 [62]. Strains within the American lineage diverged into the South American, Kentucky, and Florida sublineages. Currently, the Florida sublineage is predominant and has evolved into two antigenically different clades, FC1 and FC2, which have been mostly isolated in North America. Two other clades have been reported in South America: South American Clades 1 and 2 [1] ( "vaccines-10-01718-g003" ="fig">Figure 3 ).). The 2018 outbreak in Latin America. In 2018, an intercontinental EIV was reported from Argentina to Colombia. The EIV was confirmed in Chile in January 2018, and outbreaks were reported in Argentina and Uruguay in March and June of the same yea source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Phylogenetic analysis of the EIV HA gene demonstrated that H3N8 EIV evolved as a single lineage for at least two decades and diverged during the mid-1980s into the American and European lineages, which are named as per their geographic origin. The latter has been included in the Eurasian lineage, with reports being made from 1989 to 1994 [62]. Strains within the American lineage diverged into the South American, Kentucky, and Florida sublineages. Currently, the Florida sublineage is predominant and has evolved into two antigenically different clades, FC1 and FC2, which have been mostly isolated in North America. Two other clades have been reported in South America: South American Clades 1 and 2 [1] ( "vaccines-10-01718-g003" ="fig">Figure 3 ).). The 2018 outbreak in Latin America. In 2018, an intercontinental EIV was reported from Argentina to Colombia. The EIV was confirmed in Chile in January 2018, and outbreaks were reported in Argentina and Uruguay in March and June of the same think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=67yo Asian female
file_name=biomedica_00363226.jpg caption="ao1c03117_0014" ="fig">Figure "fig13" ="fig">13 a represents the maximum measured depth versus particle speed dependence at the same exposure time. It can be estimated that the depth is proportional to the particles’ velocity, indicating higher coating loss at a higher speed. Moreover, the maximum erosion depth is lessened from 16.3 to 13.5 μm with amending 0.75 g/L ZrC to the coating matrix at 101 m s "ao1c03117_0014" ="fig">13 a represents the maximum measured depth versus particle speed dependence at the same exposure time. It can be estimated that the depth is proportional to the particles’ velocity, indicating higher coating loss at a higher speed. Moreover, the maximum erosion depth is lessened from 16.3 to 13.5 μm with amending 0.75 g/L ZrC to the coating matrix at 101 m s–1. In the meantime, "ao1c03117_0014" ="fig">Figure "fig13" ="fig">13 b depicts the volume loss of Ni-P and Ni-P-0.75ZrC nanocomposite coatings at different speeds of the erodent particles. The volume loss rat source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: "ao1c03117_0014" ="fig">Figure "fig13" ="fig">13 a represents the maximum measured depth versus particle speed dependence at the same exposure time. It can be estimated that the depth is proportional to the particles’ velocity, indicating higher coating loss at a higher speed. Moreover, the maximum erosion depth is lessened from 16.3 to 13.5 μm with amending 0.75 g/L ZrC to the coating matrix at 101 m s "ao1c03117_0014" ="fig">13 a represents the maximum measured depth versus particle speed dependence at the same exposure time. It can be estimated that the depth is proportional to the particles’ velocity, indicating higher coating loss at a higher speed. Moreover, the maximum erosion depth is lessened from 16.3 to 13.5 μm with amending 0.75 g/L ZrC to the coating matrix at 101 m s–1. In the meantime, "ao1c03117_0014" ="fig">Figure "fig13" ="fig">13 b depicts the volume loss of Ni-P and Ni-P-0.75ZrC nanocomposite coatings at different speeds of the erodent particles. The volume loss think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=39yo Middle Eastern female
file_name=biomedica_00398463.jpg caption=One step further to investigate whether the increased histone H3K9 acetylation had affected GABA-Aα5 expression, we detected GABA-Aα5 expression at the mRNA level by PCR. Results showed that in the offsprings with genetic background (MSFE, MEFS, and MEFE), all the mRNA levels of GABA-Aα5 expressions were significantly higher than those of MEFE ( ="fig" "fnins-13-01076-g005">Figure 5 , , P < 0.05). source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: One step further to investigate whether the increased histone H3K9 acetylation had affected GABA-Aα5 expression, we detected GABA-Aα5 expression at the mRNA level by PCR. Results showed that in the offsprings with genetic background (MSFE, MEFS, and MEFE), all the mRNA levels of GABA-Aα5 expressions were significantly higher than those of MEFE ( ="fig" "fnins-13-01076-g005">Figure 5 , , P < 0.05). A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=36yo Indigenous female
file_name=biomedica_00490524.jpg caption=This cross-sectional study used a QoL survey conducted among elderly patients with DM and their family caregivers from five different districts (Fang, Chiang Dao, Mae Rim, Doi Lor, and Doi Tao) in Chiang Mai, northern Thailand. We used multistage sampling to pick participants ( "ijerph-19-10216-g001" ="fig">Figure 1 ). First, we randomly selected one district from each service area node according to the service plan of the Chiang Mai Provincial Public Health Office. From each district, we chose one sub-district at random. The subjects in each node were then selected using simple random sampling from a list of elderly diabetic patients at the Sub-District Health Promotion Hospital or a community hospital in the area. The inclusion criteria were elderly diabetic patients with a doctor’s diagnosis of DM for more than one year and age ≥ 60 years. The representative subjects were contacted in person at their homes by the research team, which included the researcher and two trained research source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: This cross-sectional study used a QoL survey conducted among elderly patients with DM and their family caregivers from five different districts (Fang, Chiang Dao, Mae Rim, Doi Lor, and Doi Tao) in Chiang Mai, northern Thailand. We used multistage sampling to pick participants ( "ijerph-19-10216-g001" ="fig">Figure 1 ). First, we randomly selected one district from each service area node according to the service plan of the Chiang Mai Provincial Public Health Office. From each district, we chose one sub-district at random. The subjects in each node were then selected using simple random sampling from a list of elderly diabetic patients at the Sub-District Health Promotion Hospital or a community hospital in the area. The inclusion criteria were elderly diabetic patients with a doctor’s diagnosis of DM for more than one year and age ≥ 60 years. The representative subjects were contacted in person at their homes by the research team, which included the researcher and two trained resear think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=52yo Indigenous male
file_name=biomedica_00445008.jpg caption=By 24 hours, 128/1,002 (13%) severely anaemic children had died, compared to 36/501 (7%) moderately anaemic and 71/843 (8%) mildly anaemic children. Mortality at 48 hours for children with a baseline Hb measurement was 305/3,082 (10%), with 267/305 (88%) of all deaths occurring within 24 hours of admission. Among the 3,054 children with a baseline Hb measurement but without severe hypotension on admission, mortality in those randomised to receive fluid boluses of 0.9% saline or albumin was increased (10.6% and 10.5%, respectively), compared to no-bolus controls (7.2%), regardless of admission Hb level, and with no evidence of heterogeneity (P >0.3) between any subgroups (Figures "12916_2014_246_Fig2_HTML" ="fig">2 and and "12916_2014_246_Fig3_HTML" ="fig">3 ).).Figure 3 Forest plot comparing 48-hour mortality in fluid bolus and control groups, by anaemia category. There has been much debate over whether the increased mortality that was observed in the FEAST trial among children randomi source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: By 24 hours, 128/1,002 (13%) severely anaemic children had died, compared to 36/501 (7%) moderately anaemic and 71/843 (8%) mildly anaemic children. Mortality at 48 hours for children with a baseline Hb measurement was 305/3,082 (10%), with 267/305 (88%) of all deaths occurring within 24 hours of admission. Among the 3,054 children with a baseline Hb measurement but without severe hypotension on admission, mortality in those randomised to receive fluid boluses of 0.9% saline or albumin was increased (10.6% and 10.5%, respectively), compared to no-bolus controls (7.2%), regardless of admission Hb level, and with no evidence of heterogeneity (P >0.3) between any subgroups (Figures "12916_2014_246_Fig2_HTML" ="fig">2 and and "12916_2014_246_Fig3_HTML" ="fig">3 ).).Figure 3 Forest plot comparing 48-hour mortality in fluid bolus and control groups, by anaemia category. There has been much debate over whether the increased mortality that was observed in the FEAST trial among children rand think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=28yo South Asian female
file_name=biomedica_00184388.jpg caption=To investigate whether the automated cell counting assay could be used to detect radiosensitization, PC-3.pLKO.1-shPRKDC cells were made by stably transducing PC-3 cells with a lentiviral vector expressing a short hairpin RNA that targets the known radiation susceptibility gene PRKDC, encoding the DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) catalytic subunit DNA-PKcs. As control, PC-3.pLKO.1-EV cells, i.e., PC-3 cells with stable expression of an empty lentiviral vector, were generated. After subjecting the cells to a dose-range IR, cell survival was measured by CFA or by automated cell counting. As can be seen in Figure "13014_2015_355_Fig5_HTML" ="fig">5 a and b, radiosensitization by silencing PRKDC was clearly detectable by both methods. Silencing PRKDC increased mainly the α values of the linear-quadratic equations (see Table a and b, radiosensitization by silencing PRKDC was clearly detectable by both methods. Silencing PRKDC increased mainly the α values of the linear-quadratic equati source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: To investigate whether the automated cell counting assay could be used to detect radiosensitization, PC-3.pLKO.1-shPRKDC cells were made by stably transducing PC-3 cells with a lentiviral vector expressing a short hairpin RNA that targets the known radiation susceptibility gene PRKDC, encoding the DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) catalytic subunit DNA-PKcs. As control, PC-3.pLKO.1-EV cells, i.e., PC-3 cells with stable expression of an empty lentiviral vector, were generated. After subjecting the cells to a dose-range IR, cell survival was measured by CFA or by automated cell counting. As can be seen in Figure "13014_2015_355_Fig5_HTML" ="fig">5 a and b, radiosensitization by silencing PRKDC was clearly detectable by both methods. Silencing PRKDC increased mainly the α values of the linear-quadratic equations (see Table a and b, radiosensitization by silencing PRKDC was clearly detectable by both methods. Silencing PRKDC increased mainly the α values of the linear-quadratic equ think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD Z13.9 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=Z13.9 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=32yo Hispanic female
file_name=biomedica_00739176.jpg caption=The median-joining networks ( ="fig" "srep29821-f3">Fig. 3 ) identified two main mtDNA haplogroups corresponding to the western and eastern regions, with no mtDNA haplotypes shared between them. There were 17 haplotypes shared by two or more western populations, and each western population had one or more private haplotypes () identified two main mtDNA haplogroups corresponding to the western and eastern regions, with no mtDNA haplotypes shared between them. There were 17 haplotypes shared by two or more western populations, and each western population had one or more private haplotypes (Supplementary Table S1). The most abundant haplotype, Hap23, was present in all six western populations ( ="fig" "srep29821-f3">Fig. 3 , , Supplementary Table S1), suggesting that it is ancestral. Five haplotypes (Hap01 to Hap05) were observed only in the Bomi population from the eastern drainage ( ="fig" "srep29821-f3">Fig. 3 , , Supplementary Table S1). The western populations were characterized by h source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: The median-joining networks ( ="fig" "srep29821-f3">Fig. 3 ) identified two main mtDNA haplogroups corresponding to the western and eastern regions, with no mtDNA haplotypes shared between them. There were 17 haplotypes shared by two or more western populations, and each western population had one or more private haplotypes () identified two main mtDNA haplogroups corresponding to the western and eastern regions, with no mtDNA haplotypes shared between them. There were 17 haplotypes shared by two or more western populations, and each western population had one or more private haplotypes (Supplementary Table S1). The most abundant haplotype, Hap23, was present in all six western populations ( ="fig" "srep29821-f3">Fig. 3 , , Supplementary Table S1), suggesting that it is ancestral. Five haplotypes (Hap01 to Hap05) were observed only in the Bomi population from the eastern drainage ( ="fig" "srep29821-f3">Fig. 3 , , Supplementary Table S1). The western populations were characterized b think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=28yo South Asian female
file_name=biomedica_00042443.jpg caption=Gene expression data from two tissues (shoot and young panicle) of Nipponbare and 93-11 cultivars were obtained according to Affymetrix standard protocols. Raw PM values of all probes were transformed to log10 intensities and subjected to SFP calls according to the SNEP procedure [26]. As reported by Fujisawa et al., it is difficult to detect SFPs at low expression levels [26]. To investigate the appropriate expression level of SFP detection, PM intensities from 391,818 unique probes for the Nipponbare genome were compared with those for MM by ANOVA (Figure ="fig" "1471-2164-11-315-5">5 ). More than 70% of the probe pairs showed significant differences when log). More than 70% of the probe pairs showed significant differences when log10 intensities of PM probes were above 2.5 in both the shoot and young panicle. Subsequently, probe sets with a high expression level, where the median log10 intensity of a probe set was above 2.5 for both Nipponbare and 93-11 transcripts, were extracted f source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Gene expression data from two tissues (shoot and young panicle) of Nipponbare and 93-11 cultivars were obtained according to Affymetrix standard protocols. Raw PM values of all probes were transformed to log10 intensities and subjected to SFP calls according to the SNEP procedure [26]. As reported by Fujisawa et al., it is difficult to detect SFPs at low expression levels [26]. To investigate the appropriate expression level of SFP detection, PM intensities from 391,818 unique probes for the Nipponbare genome were compared with those for MM by ANOVA (Figure ="fig" "1471-2164-11-315-5">5 ). More than 70% of the probe pairs showed significant differences when log). More than 70% of the probe pairs showed significant differences when log10 intensities of PM probes were above 2.5 in both the shoot and young panicle. Subsequently, probe sets with a high expression level, where the median log10 intensity of a probe set was above 2.5 for both Nipponbare and 93-11 transcripts, were extracte think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=52yo Indigenous male
file_name=biomedica_00384652.jpg caption=LM-EtOHAP (31.5, 62.5, 125, and 250 µg/ml p.o., n = 6) inhibited in a dose-dependent manner the liquid content (Emax = 44.8 ± 5.8%, ED50 = 259.9 ± 65.3 mg/kg). Furthermore, loperamide (10 mg/kg p.o., n = 6) decreased the liquid content from 100.0 ± 0% (control) to 29.4 ± 1.0% ( ="fig" "fphar-11-01042-g005"> <bold>Figure 5</bold> ).Figure 5 ). In diarrhea, there is a pronounced stimulation of cells secretion that becomes greater than the amount capable of being resorbed (Menezes et al., 1994). In castor oil-induced intestinal fluid accumulation model is developed an electrolyte hypersecretory response (Mascolo et al., 1993). Thus, using this protocol we showed that the extract inhibited, in a dose-dependent manner, the intestinal fluid accumulation ( ="fig" "fphar-11-01042-g005"> <bold>Figure 5</bold> ), suggesting that LM–EtOHFigure 5 ), suggesting that LM–EtOHAP antidiarrheal effect also involves decrease in intestinal secretion. This action is desirable since the main common manifest source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: LM-EtOHAP (31.5, 62.5, 125, and 250 µg/ml p.o., n = 6) inhibited in a dose-dependent manner the liquid content (Emax = 44.8 ± 5.8%, ED50 = 259.9 ± 65.3 mg/kg). Furthermore, loperamide (10 mg/kg p.o., n = 6) decreased the liquid content from 100.0 ± 0% (control) to 29.4 ± 1.0% ( ="fig" "fphar-11-01042-g005"> <bold>Figure 5</bold> ).Figure 5 ). In diarrhea, there is a pronounced stimulation of cells secretion that becomes greater than the amount capable of being resorbed (Menezes et al., 1994). In castor oil-induced intestinal fluid accumulation model is developed an electrolyte hypersecretory response (Mascolo et al., 1993). Thus, using this protocol we showed that the extract inhibited, in a dose-dependent manner, the intestinal fluid accumulation ( ="fig" "fphar-11-01042-g005"> <bold>Figure 5</bold> ), suggesting that LM–EtOHFigure 5 ), suggesting that LM–EtOHAP antidiarrheal effect also involves decrease in intestinal secretion. This action is desirable since the main common manif think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=48yo Middle Eastern male
file_name=biomedica_00189579.jpg caption=Robustness of the coherence-based encryption in the face of thermally induced turbulence modelling the atmospheric turbulence. a The schematics of a 2f imaging system in the presence of thermally induced turbulence. b The experimental results for the cross-spectral density of the illuminating beam and the corresponding recovered image in the turbulence free situation for reference. c–f The experimental results for the cross-spectral density of the illuminating beam and the corresponding recovered images in the presence of thermally induced turbulence with the temperature T of the hot graphitic plate being 100∘C,150∘C,200∘C, and 250∘C, respectively. The scale bars are shown in panel (f) source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Robustness of the coherence-based encryption in the face of thermally induced turbulence modelling the atmospheric turbulence. a The schematics of a 2f imaging system in the presence of thermally induced turbulence. b The experimental results for the cross-spectral density of the illuminating beam and the corresponding recovered image in the turbulence free situation for reference. c–f The experimental results for the cross-spectral density of the illuminating beam and the corresponding recovered images in the presence of thermally induced turbulence with the temperature T of the hot graphitic plate being 100∘C,150∘C,200∘C, and 250∘C, respectively. The scale bars are shown in panel (f) A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=64yo Pacific Islander male
file_name=pmcvqa_00119568.jpg caption=Clinical Question: What type of imaging is used to show the thrombosis in the image? Answer: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) source=pmcvqa enhanced_caption=O: Clinical Question: What type of imaging is used to show the thrombosis in the image? Answer: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=radiology demographic=25yo White male
file_name=biomedica_00244536.jpg caption=The next step in studying the absorption capacity of SWCNTs was to study the regularities of absorption of electromagnetic wave energy by the open ends of SWCNTs of finite length. The above calculation data were obtained for SWCNTs of infinite length, since we applied periodic boundary conditions. In this connection, a logical question arises: How do short SWCNTs absorb energy and what is the role of the open ends of SWCNTs in this case? To answer this question, we investigated SWCNTs with a length of several supercells. The maximum length of the considered short SWCNTs was 38–40 nm. The choice of this length is due to the large number of atoms in chiral SWCNTs, namely, 6000–8000. Nanotubes with a large number of atoms cannot be investigated by quantum methods. To calculate the absorption coefficient of electromagnetic waves by the open ends of SWCNTs, we built a model of a film ~40 nm thick corresponding to the length of SWCNTs. SWCNTs were arranged in parallel, wherein the outer surf source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: The next step in studying the absorption capacity of SWCNTs was to study the regularities of absorption of electromagnetic wave energy by the open ends of SWCNTs of finite length. The above calculation data were obtained for SWCNTs of infinite length, since we applied periodic boundary conditions. In this connection, a logical question arises: How do short SWCNTs absorb energy and what is the role of the open ends of SWCNTs in this case? To answer this question, we investigated SWCNTs with a length of several supercells. The maximum length of the considered short SWCNTs was 38–40 nm. The choice of this length is due to the large number of atoms in chiral SWCNTs, namely, 6000–8000. Nanotubes with a large number of atoms cannot be investigated by quantum methods. To calculate the absorption coefficient of electromagnetic waves by the open ends of SWCNTs, we built a model of a film ~40 nm thick corresponding to the length of SWCNTs. SWCNTs were arranged in parallel, wherein the outer s think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=36yo Indigenous female
file_name=pmcvqa_00142589.jpg caption=Clinical Question: What does the contrast-enhanced axial fat-saturated T1 show in the girl's cheek region? Answer: Partial, progressive, centripetal lesion enhancement source=pmcvqa enhanced_caption=O: Clinical Question: What does the contrast-enhanced axial fat-saturated T1 show in the girl's cheek region? Answer: Partial, progressive, centripetal lesion enhancement A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=radiology demographic=28yo South Asian female
file_name=biomedica_00710219.jpg caption=Timeline of lung cancer EGFR mutation treatment (Tagrisso): phases, dose changes, and their effects on leukocyte (WBC) levels during follow-up (, multiplication). source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Timeline of lung cancer EGFR mutation treatment (Tagrisso): phases, dose changes, and their effects on leukocyte (WBC) levels during follow-up (, multiplication). A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=42yo Black female
file_name=biomedica_00201768.jpg caption=The localization of all five ZmG6PDHs was next verified by cloning their coding sequences; these sequences have been submitted to GenBank under the following accession numbers: ZmG6PDH1 ([MRN]), ZmG6PDH2 ([MRN]), ZmG6PDH3 ([MRN]), ZmG6PDH4 ([MRN]) and ZmG6PDH5 ([MRN]). These cloned coding region sequences were introduced in-frame with an N-terminal sequence encoding GFP. A positive control vector and GFP-tagged ZmG6PDH proteins were transiently transfected into maize mesophyll protoplasts. While free GFP was distributed evenly throughout all cell regions other than the vacuoles and chloroplasts ( "fpls-14-1116237-g004" ="fig"> <bold>Figure 4</bold> ), ZmG6PDH2, 3, and 4 specifically localized to the chloroplast compartment, and ZmG6PDH1 and ZmG6PDH5 were only detected in the cytosol (Figure 4 ), ZmG6PDH2, 3, and 4 specifically localized to the chloroplast compartment, and ZmG6PDH1 and ZmG6PDH5 were only detected in the cytosol ( "fpls-14-1116237-g004" ="fig"> <bold>Figure 4</bold> ). T source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: The localization of all five ZmG6PDHs was next verified by cloning their coding sequences; these sequences have been submitted to GenBank under the following accession numbers: ZmG6PDH1 ([MRN]), ZmG6PDH2 ([MRN]), ZmG6PDH3 ([MRN]), ZmG6PDH4 ([MRN]) and ZmG6PDH5 ([MRN]). These cloned coding region sequences were introduced in-frame with an N-terminal sequence encoding GFP. A positive control vector and GFP-tagged ZmG6PDH proteins were transiently transfected into maize mesophyll protoplasts. While free GFP was distributed evenly throughout all cell regions other than the vacuoles and chloroplasts ( "fpls-14-1116237-g004" ="fig"> <bold>Figure 4</bold> ), ZmG6PDH2, 3, and 4 specifically localized to the chloroplast compartment, and ZmG6PDH1 and ZmG6PDH5 were only detected in the cytosol (Figure 4 ), ZmG6PDH2, 3, and 4 specifically localized to the chloroplast compartment, and ZmG6PDH1 and ZmG6PDH5 were only detected in the cytosol ( "fpls-14-1116237-g004" ="fig"> <bold>Figure 4</bold> ) think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=39yo Middle Eastern female
file_name=biomedica_00379551.jpg caption=Implant-bearing tibiae were dissected and extracted and fixed in 10% buffered formalin solution for 2 weeks to allow histomorphometric processing. Subsequently, bone-implant fragments were extracted with an oscillating saw in 16 mm thick serial sagittal sections and dehydrated in increasing alcohol solutions (80, 96%, and 100%) for 3 days. The samples were embedded in glycolmethacrylate (GMA; 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, HEMA, JB-4; JB-4 Plus) (Technovit 7200 VLC, Heraeus Kulzer, Wehrheim, Germany). Finally, they were sectioned into 50 µm thick slices, stained with the Levai Laczko staining technique (Kuchler et al., 2013) and examined with light optical microscopy (BX51, Olympus, Tokyo, Japan) by an experienced pathologist blinded to the randomization of the study groups. In addition, histological images were processed, digitized and loaded into a computer program (Adobe Photoshop Cs6, San Jose, CA, USA; Cell Sens Dimensions, Olympus, Tokyo, Japan) to evaluate, on a percentage basis, source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Implant-bearing tibiae were dissected and extracted and fixed in 10% buffered formalin solution for 2 weeks to allow histomorphometric processing. Subsequently, bone-implant fragments were extracted with an oscillating saw in 16 mm thick serial sagittal sections and dehydrated in increasing alcohol solutions (80, 96%, and 100%) for 3 days. The samples were embedded in glycolmethacrylate (GMA; 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, HEMA, JB-4; JB-4 Plus) (Technovit 7200 VLC, Heraeus Kulzer, Wehrheim, Germany). Finally, they were sectioned into 50 µm thick slices, stained with the Levai Laczko staining technique (Kuchler et al., 2013) and examined with light optical microscopy (BX51, Olympus, Tokyo, Japan) by an experienced pathologist blinded to the randomization of the study groups. In addition, histological images were processed, digitized and loaded into a computer program (Adobe Photoshop Cs6, San Jose, CA, USA; Cell Sens Dimensions, Olympus, Tokyo, Japan) to evaluate, on a percentage basi think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=45yo Black male
file_name=biomedica_00460581.jpg caption=Sixty-seven countries and regions in amount published articles in this field. Among these countries, the USA published the largest number of articles (2793, 34.03%), followed by England (901, 10.98%), Australia (741, 9.03%), China (723, 8.81%), and Canada (574, 6.99%) (Fig. "medi-100-e23944-g001" ="fig">1 A,B).A,B). A total of 8207 articles from 2000 to 2019 in amount met the search criteria. From 2000 to 2019, a remarkable increasing trend of global publications per year was found. The number of publications increased from 0 (2000) to 978 (2019). Moreover, the relative research interests of this field were increasing during last few years (Fig. "medi-100-e23944-g001" ="fig">1 C).C). The time curve of the number of the publications was created by Microsoft Excel, which could help predict the future trend. Figure "medi-100-e23944-g001" ="fig">1 D showed the model fitting curves of the growth trend. Based on the time curve, the number of publications in this field was estimated to grow s source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Sixty-seven countries and regions in amount published articles in this field. Among these countries, the USA published the largest number of articles (2793, 34.03%), followed by England (901, 10.98%), Australia (741, 9.03%), China (723, 8.81%), and Canada (574, 6.99%) (Fig. "medi-100-e23944-g001" ="fig">1 A,B).A,B). A total of 8207 articles from 2000 to 2019 in amount met the search criteria. From 2000 to 2019, a remarkable increasing trend of global publications per year was found. The number of publications increased from 0 (2000) to 978 (2019). Moreover, the relative research interests of this field were increasing during last few years (Fig. "medi-100-e23944-g001" ="fig">1 C).C). The time curve of the number of the publications was created by Microsoft Excel, which could help predict the future trend. Figure "medi-100-e23944-g001" ="fig">1 D showed the model fitting curves of the growth trend. Based on the time curve, the number of publications in this field was estimated to gro think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=39yo Middle Eastern female
file_name=biomedica_00543562.jpg caption=The distribution map ( ="fig" "peerj-07-7898-g001">Fig. 1 ) with the known records of Brazilian Gastrotricha species and the worldwide ecoregions was made with the software Quantum GIS () with the known records of Brazilian Gastrotricha species and the worldwide ecoregions was made with the software Quantum GIS (http://www.qgis.org). Distribution data on marine gastrotrichs up to 2010 were obtained from the “Global distribution of marine Gastrotricha” compilation by Dr. William D. Hummon (Todaro, 2017), and from 2011 to 2019, we gathered data directly from the literature (see complete list in Garraffoni & Balsamo, 2017; Todaro et al., 2019) ( ="fig" "peerj-07-7898-g001">Fig. 1 ; ; Data S1). source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: The distribution map ( ="fig" "peerj-07-7898-g001">Fig. 1 ) with the known records of Brazilian Gastrotricha species and the worldwide ecoregions was made with the software Quantum GIS () with the known records of Brazilian Gastrotricha species and the worldwide ecoregions was made with the software Quantum GIS (http://www.qgis.org). Distribution data on marine gastrotrichs up to 2010 were obtained from the “Global distribution of marine Gastrotricha” compilation by Dr. William D. Hummon (Todaro, 2017), and from 2011 to 2019, we gathered data directly from the literature (see complete list in Garraffoni & Balsamo, 2017; Todaro et al., 2019) ( ="fig" "peerj-07-7898-g001">Fig. 1 ; ; Data S1). A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=28yo South Asian female
file_name=biomedica_00671203.jpg caption=Doxorubicin bypasses multiple RNA virus IFN antagonists. IFN-β promoter (A) or ISG54 promoter (B) firefly luciferase reporter gene assays were performed. The empty vector (vector) or expression plasmids for the indicated viral IFN antagonists were transfected. The next day, cells were mock treated, treated with doxorubicin, or infected with SeV. Eighteen hours later, luciferase activity was determined. Fold induction was determined by setting the mock-treated (medium + DMSO) empty-vector controls to 1. Error bars indicate standard deviations from three independent replicates. Experiments similar to those described for panels A and B were performed to detect IFN-β promoter (C) or ISG54 promoter (D) reporter gene activity but with ATM kinase inhibitor pretreatment. An experiment similar to that described for panel C was performed using either the control-FF cells (E) or the cGAS-wt-STING-FF stable IFN-β reporter cells described in the legend to Fig. 5B (F). Data represent means ± standar source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Doxorubicin bypasses multiple RNA virus IFN antagonists. IFN-β promoter (A) or ISG54 promoter (B) firefly luciferase reporter gene assays were performed. The empty vector (vector) or expression plasmids for the indicated viral IFN antagonists were transfected. The next day, cells were mock treated, treated with doxorubicin, or infected with SeV. Eighteen hours later, luciferase activity was determined. Fold induction was determined by setting the mock-treated (medium + DMSO) empty-vector controls to 1. Error bars indicate standard deviations from three independent replicates. Experiments similar to those described for panels A and B were performed to detect IFN-β promoter (C) or ISG54 promoter (D) reporter gene activity but with ATM kinase inhibitor pretreatment. An experiment similar to that described for panel C was performed using either the control-FF cells (E) or the cGAS-wt-STING-FF stable IFN-β reporter cells described in the legend to Fig. 5B (F). Data represent means ± stan think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=64yo Pacific Islander male
file_name=biomedica_00611295.jpg caption=For example, in the FDLR2 version of the resonators, polarization voltage up to 30 V was applied to the resonator body to characterize its motional impedance with a network analyzer (Keysight E5080A). A Q-factor loading effect was observe as the polarization voltage increase, which is usually seen for low motional impedance resonators22. Measurements with polarization voltage up to 5 V show an unloaded Q ~ 254 k, whereas a loaded Q ~ 135 k was observed at 30 V. For the loaded Q-factor, we have the following equation 27:5\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$Q_{{\mathrm{loaded}}} = Q_{{\mathrm{unloaded}}} \times \frac{{R_{\mathrm{m}}}}{{R_{{\mathrm{total}}}}}$$\end{document}Qloaded=Qunloaded×RmRtotalwhere Rtotal = Rm + Rload, and Rload is the parasitic resistance in series with the motional resista source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: For example, in the FDLR2 version of the resonators, polarization voltage up to 30 V was applied to the resonator body to characterize its motional impedance with a network analyzer (Keysight E5080A). A Q-factor loading effect was observe as the polarization voltage increase, which is usually seen for low motional impedance resonators22. Measurements with polarization voltage up to 5 V show an unloaded Q ~ 254 k, whereas a loaded Q ~ 135 k was observed at 30 V. For the loaded Q-factor, we have the following equation 27:5\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$Q_{{\mathrm{loaded}}} = Q_{{\mathrm{unloaded}}} \times \frac{{R_{\mathrm{m}}}}{{R_{{\mathrm{total}}}}}$$\end{document}Qloaded=Qunloaded×RmRtotalwhere Rtotal = Rm + Rload, and Rload is the parasitic resistance in series with the motional resi think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=39yo Middle Eastern female
file_name=biomedica_00315763.jpg caption=Representative microscopic images of MDA-MB-231 cells incubated with free curcumin ((a) and (b), curcumin amount (10 μg/mL), equivalent to the curcumin amount in CMSPs (curcumin loaded magnetic SF core−shell nanoparticles) and CMSPs ((c) and (d), 30 μg/mL) for 4 h. The cell nucleus and cytoskeleton were stained with DAPI (blue) and Texas red (red); all images were taken with an AF6000 microscope (Leica). Comparing the images in (a) and (b) to (c) and (d), it can be seen that CMSPs significantly improve the cellular uptake of the curcumin. Reprinted from Reference [43] with permission from the American Chemical Society [2017]. source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Representative microscopic images of MDA-MB-231 cells incubated with free curcumin ((a) and (b), curcumin amount (10 μg/mL), equivalent to the curcumin amount in CMSPs (curcumin loaded magnetic SF core−shell nanoparticles) and CMSPs ((c) and (d), 30 μg/mL) for 4 h. The cell nucleus and cytoskeleton were stained with DAPI (blue) and Texas red (red); all images were taken with an AF6000 microscope (Leica). Comparing the images in (a) and (b) to (c) and (d), it can be seen that CMSPs significantly improve the cellular uptake of the curcumin. Reprinted from Reference [43] with permission from the American Chemical Society [2017]. A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=52yo Indigenous male
file_name=biomedica_00341992.jpg caption=The cemented crown/abutment/implant was placed in a stereolithographic printed typodont model with adjacent natural teeth mounted to simulate a clinical situation.( ="fig" "pone.0233536.g001">Fig 1 ) The lasers were oriented perpendicular to the crown surface using the non-contact method (~5–10 mm away from crown surface). The cooling air/water spray feature was used during the entire irradiation time. The irradiation was carried out through directing the laser axially onto all non-occlusal surfaces for 180 seconds while rotating the crown slowly, then 60 seconds onto the occlusal surface, then lastly 30 seconds irradiation of all crown surfaces. After the initial 240 seconds of irradiation, the crown’s dislodgement was assessed through gentle tapping and pulling action. If the crown was not dislodged, subsequent extra 30 seconds of additional irradiation was administered and an additional attempt at crown’s dislodgement was made. This latter process was repeated until the crown was re source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: The cemented crown/abutment/implant was placed in a stereolithographic printed typodont model with adjacent natural teeth mounted to simulate a clinical situation.( ="fig" "pone.0233536.g001">Fig 1 ) The lasers were oriented perpendicular to the crown surface using the non-contact method (~5–10 mm away from crown surface). The cooling air/water spray feature was used during the entire irradiation time. The irradiation was carried out through directing the laser axially onto all non-occlusal surfaces for 180 seconds while rotating the crown slowly, then 60 seconds onto the occlusal surface, then lastly 30 seconds irradiation of all crown surfaces. After the initial 240 seconds of irradiation, the crown’s dislodgement was assessed through gentle tapping and pulling action. If the crown was not dislodged, subsequent extra 30 seconds of additional irradiation was administered and an additional attempt at crown’s dislodgement was made. This latter process was repeated until the crown was think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=32yo Hispanic female
file_name=biomedica_00690944.jpg caption=For SDL jots, one can consider microlenses and color filters that cover multiple jots (e.g., 2 × 2) since diffraction will likely result in optical resolution lower than the jot pitch [1,64]. Color crosstalk was analyzed in [20] for example, and a new color filter array pattern to ameliorate the impact of color crosstalk was proposed and analyzed in [12]. Polarization filter gratings can also be applied to jots, or groups of jots to select particular polarization of photons [24]. For example, 4 polarization filters formed by gratings, corresponding to 0°, 45°, 90°, and 135° polarization selection angles can each be placed over a group of jots, e.g., 4 × 4 jots under each filter. Color filters can also be adjacent to the polarization filters to form a 3 × 3 super-kernel of filters for polarization and color as shown in the inset to ="fig" "sensors-16-01260-g015">Figure 15 . Thus, both color and polarization information can be obtained from the 12 × 12 × . Thus, both color and polarizati source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: For SDL jots, one can consider microlenses and color filters that cover multiple jots (e.g., 2 × 2) since diffraction will likely result in optical resolution lower than the jot pitch [1,64]. Color crosstalk was analyzed in [20] for example, and a new color filter array pattern to ameliorate the impact of color crosstalk was proposed and analyzed in [12]. Polarization filter gratings can also be applied to jots, or groups of jots to select particular polarization of photons [24]. For example, 4 polarization filters formed by gratings, corresponding to 0°, 45°, 90°, and 135° polarization selection angles can each be placed over a group of jots, e.g., 4 × 4 jots under each filter. Color filters can also be adjacent to the polarization filters to form a 3 × 3 super-kernel of filters for polarization and color as shown in the inset to ="fig" "sensors-16-01260-g015">Figure 15 . Thus, both color and polarization information can be obtained from the 12 × 12 × . Thus, both color and polariz think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=36yo Indigenous female
file_name=biomedica_00758573.jpg caption=Because tumor-specific neoantigens are key targets for antitumor immune responses, we next sought to verify whether the CAER could activate neoantigen-specific T cells. We previously synthesized and prescreened mutant neoantigen peptides from B16F10 and 4T1 cells (28) ( Figure S3A ). Three mutant peptides (B16-M27, B16-M30, and B16-M33) derived from B16F10 cells, and three (4T1-M8, 4T1-M17, and 4T1-M27) from 4T1 cells, were used for the subsequent experiments. Splenocytes from C57BL/6 mice bearing B16F10 cell-derived tumors and administered the CAER regimen were incubated with peptide-loaded (B16-M27, B16-M30, or B16-M33) DCs to evaluate the neoantigen-reactive T cell immune response. ELISpot assays showed that all the peptide-loaded DCs stimulated T cells to produce IFN-γ ( ="fig" "fonc-11-658254-g006"> <bold>Figures 6A, B</bold> ). To determine the composition of the neoantigen-reactive T-cell population, we next analyzed intracellular cytokine staining by flow cytometry. The analysi source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Because tumor-specific neoantigens are key targets for antitumor immune responses, we next sought to verify whether the CAER could activate neoantigen-specific T cells. We previously synthesized and prescreened mutant neoantigen peptides from B16F10 and 4T1 cells (28) ( Figure S3A ). Three mutant peptides (B16-M27, B16-M30, and B16-M33) derived from B16F10 cells, and three (4T1-M8, 4T1-M17, and 4T1-M27) from 4T1 cells, were used for the subsequent experiments. Splenocytes from C57BL/6 mice bearing B16F10 cell-derived tumors and administered the CAER regimen were incubated with peptide-loaded (B16-M27, B16-M30, or B16-M33) DCs to evaluate the neoantigen-reactive T cell immune response. ELISpot assays showed that all the peptide-loaded DCs stimulated T cells to produce IFN-γ ( ="fig" "fonc-11-658254-g006"> <bold>Figures 6A, B</bold> ). To determine the composition of the neoantigen-reactive T-cell population, we next analyzed intracellular cytokine staining by flow cytometry. The anal think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD D49.9 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=D49.9 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=55yo Hispanic male
file_name=pmcvqa_00042718.jpg caption=Clinical Question: What are the representative images shown in the given figure? Answer: Representative images of IgA nephropathy cases immunostained in epithelial cells. source=pmcvqa enhanced_caption=O: Clinical Question: What are the representative images shown in the given figure? Answer: Representative images of IgA nephropathy cases immunostained in epithelial cells. A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=radiology demographic=67yo Asian female
file_name=biomedica_00574294.jpg caption=In addition, we found two different alleles of the rtxC gene that encode the acyltransferase RtxC. The first allele occurs in two copies in K. kingae strains KWG1 and ATCC 23332 and encodes a 167 residue-long RtxC polypeptide. The second allele, encoding a 162 residue-long RtxC polypeptide, occurs in parallel to the first type of the rtxC allele in strains ATCC 23331 and NCTC 10529. The amino acid sequence of the two forms of RtxC diverges by 15 amino acid residues in the C-terminal portion of the protein ( "microorganisms-10-00518-g004" ="fig">Figure 4 ), and it remains unclear whether the 162 residue-long form still yields an active RtxC acyltransferase enzyme that can modify proRtxA.), and it remains unclear whether the 162 residue-long form still yields an active RtxC acyltransferase enzyme that can modify proRtxA. source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: In addition, we found two different alleles of the rtxC gene that encode the acyltransferase RtxC. The first allele occurs in two copies in K. kingae strains KWG1 and ATCC 23332 and encodes a 167 residue-long RtxC polypeptide. The second allele, encoding a 162 residue-long RtxC polypeptide, occurs in parallel to the first type of the rtxC allele in strains ATCC 23331 and NCTC 10529. The amino acid sequence of the two forms of RtxC diverges by 15 amino acid residues in the C-terminal portion of the protein ( "microorganisms-10-00518-g004" ="fig">Figure 4 ), and it remains unclear whether the 162 residue-long form still yields an active RtxC acyltransferase enzyme that can modify proRtxA.), and it remains unclear whether the 162 residue-long form still yields an active RtxC acyltransferase enzyme that can modify proRtxA. A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=36yo Indigenous female
file_name=biomedica_00745047.jpg caption=It is noteworthy to mention that the variability in COVID-19-mediated metabolic signatures perturbations are consequent not only to the disease stages (mild, moderate, severe, critical or recovery) or to interpatient factors but also is undeniably a matter of the pandemic wave from which samples have been collected [124]. Based on the aforementioned observations, it can be concluded that targeting the dysregulated metabolic pathways and focusing on the altered metabolites might be an optimum therapeutic approach for COVID-19 management as illustrated in Fig. "43440_2023_517_Fig2_HTML" ="fig">2 . A collective summary of the key metabolites affected by COVID-19 is illustrated in Fig. . A collective summary of the key metabolites affected by COVID-19 is illustrated in Fig. "43440_2023_517_Fig3_HTML" ="fig">3 ..Fig. 2Metabolic dysfunctions observed in COVID-19Fig. 3Key metabolites affected by COVID-19. ↑: indicate increases, ↓: indicate decreases, ↑↓: indicate contradictory findings. DHEAS source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: It is noteworthy to mention that the variability in COVID-19-mediated metabolic signatures perturbations are consequent not only to the disease stages (mild, moderate, severe, critical or recovery) or to interpatient factors but also is undeniably a matter of the pandemic wave from which samples have been collected [124]. Based on the aforementioned observations, it can be concluded that targeting the dysregulated metabolic pathways and focusing on the altered metabolites might be an optimum therapeutic approach for COVID-19 management as illustrated in Fig. "43440_2023_517_Fig2_HTML" ="fig">2 . A collective summary of the key metabolites affected by COVID-19 is illustrated in Fig. . A collective summary of the key metabolites affected by COVID-19 is illustrated in Fig. "43440_2023_517_Fig3_HTML" ="fig">3 ..Fig. 2Metabolic dysfunctions observed in COVID-19Fig. 3Key metabolites affected by COVID-19. ↑: indicate increases, ↓: indicate decreases, ↑↓: indicate contradictory findings. DH think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=55yo Hispanic male
file_name=biomedica_00123866.jpg caption=To determine whether enhanced RELB/p52 signalling in the absence of ATM is dependent on NIK kinase, we used siRNA to knock down NIK and investigated the microglial activation phenotypes (Figure "gkac104fig4" ="fig">4A –– "gkac104fig4" ="fig">E ). As expected from the dependence of processing of p100 to p52 on the NIK-IKKα axis (). As expected from the dependence of processing of p100 to p52 on the NIK-IKKα axis (35), NIK downregulation resulted in the modest accumulation of p100 and consequent reduction in p52 protein levels in the cytoplasm of both WT and ATM KO cells (Figure "gkac104fig4" ="fig">4A –– "gkac104fig4" ="fig">C ). Importantly, NIK loss rescued: (i) the nuclear translocation of both p52 and RELB (Figure ). Importantly, NIK loss rescued: (i) the nuclear translocation of both p52 and RELB (Figure "gkac104fig4" ="fig">4A and and "gkac104fig4" ="fig">C ), (ii) the expression of NF-κB-dependent pro-inflammatory cytokines ), (ii) the expression of NF-κB-dependent pro-inflammato source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: To determine whether enhanced RELB/p52 signalling in the absence of ATM is dependent on NIK kinase, we used siRNA to knock down NIK and investigated the microglial activation phenotypes (Figure "gkac104fig4" ="fig">4A –– "gkac104fig4" ="fig">E ). As expected from the dependence of processing of p100 to p52 on the NIK-IKKα axis (). As expected from the dependence of processing of p100 to p52 on the NIK-IKKα axis (35), NIK downregulation resulted in the modest accumulation of p100 and consequent reduction in p52 protein levels in the cytoplasm of both WT and ATM KO cells (Figure "gkac104fig4" ="fig">4A –– "gkac104fig4" ="fig">C ). Importantly, NIK loss rescued: (i) the nuclear translocation of both p52 and RELB (Figure ). Importantly, NIK loss rescued: (i) the nuclear translocation of both p52 and RELB (Figure "gkac104fig4" ="fig">4A and and "gkac104fig4" ="fig">C ), (ii) the expression of NF-κB-dependent pro-inflammatory cytokines ), (ii) the expression of NF-κB-dependent pro-inflamm think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=67yo Asian female
file_name=biomedica_00747525.jpg caption=When segmenting cell membranes by a newly developed or existing method, we must adjust all parameters in the method for an accurate segmentation. Typical approaches iterate the following three steps: perform segmentation with a parameter set, evaluate the segmentation result, and adjust the parameter set. The iterations terminate when an accurate segmentation is computed (Fig. "12859_2017_1717_Fig1_HTML" ="fig">1a ). The main concept of the BCOMS framework is automation of this process (Fig. ). The main concept of the BCOMS framework is automation of this process (Fig. "12859_2017_1717_Fig1_HTML" ="fig">1b ). The segmentations in BCOMS are exhaustively performed over the whole parameter space and the optimal segmentation is selected by an automated evaluation method. The evaluation method is formulated as a constrained optimization problem:). The segmentations in BCOMS are exhaustively performed over the whole parameter space and the optimal segmentation is selected by an automated eva source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: When segmenting cell membranes by a newly developed or existing method, we must adjust all parameters in the method for an accurate segmentation. Typical approaches iterate the following three steps: perform segmentation with a parameter set, evaluate the segmentation result, and adjust the parameter set. The iterations terminate when an accurate segmentation is computed (Fig. "12859_2017_1717_Fig1_HTML" ="fig">1a ). The main concept of the BCOMS framework is automation of this process (Fig. ). The main concept of the BCOMS framework is automation of this process (Fig. "12859_2017_1717_Fig1_HTML" ="fig">1b ). The segmentations in BCOMS are exhaustively performed over the whole parameter space and the optimal segmentation is selected by an automated evaluation method. The evaluation method is formulated as a constrained optimization problem:). The segmentations in BCOMS are exhaustively performed over the whole parameter space and the optimal segmentation is selected by an automated think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=39yo Middle Eastern female
file_name=biomedica_00553811.jpg caption=Given these shared features were derived entirely from only two cross-neutralizing antibodies (ADI-62113 and COVA1-16), we sought to perform a computational pattern search to evaluate whether similar features might be present in other antibodies with sequences deposited in public databases (Fig. "42003_2022_3700_Fig3_HTML" ="fig">3a ). The CDR3 must be of sufficient length (≥18 residues by IMGT definition) to enable the YYDRxG hexapeptide to reach the conserved binding site on RBDs (Supplementary Fig. ). The CDR3 must be of sufficient length (≥18 residues by IMGT definition) to enable the YYDRxG hexapeptide to reach the conserved binding site on RBDs (Supplementary Fig. 2d). Hence, length constraints both N-terminal (≥5 aa) and C-terminal (≥7 aa) to the YYDRxG hexad were included in the YYDRxG pattern search. Homologous sequence to the YYDRxG hexapeptide were also used in the search since VH Y99, VH Y100, and VH R100b all form hydrophobic interactions with the RBD, which may be possibl source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Given these shared features were derived entirely from only two cross-neutralizing antibodies (ADI-62113 and COVA1-16), we sought to perform a computational pattern search to evaluate whether similar features might be present in other antibodies with sequences deposited in public databases (Fig. "42003_2022_3700_Fig3_HTML" ="fig">3a ). The CDR3 must be of sufficient length (≥18 residues by IMGT definition) to enable the YYDRxG hexapeptide to reach the conserved binding site on RBDs (Supplementary Fig. ). The CDR3 must be of sufficient length (≥18 residues by IMGT definition) to enable the YYDRxG hexapeptide to reach the conserved binding site on RBDs (Supplementary Fig. 2d). Hence, length constraints both N-terminal (≥5 aa) and C-terminal (≥7 aa) to the YYDRxG hexad were included in the YYDRxG pattern search. Homologous sequence to the YYDRxG hexapeptide were also used in the search since VH Y99, VH Y100, and VH R100b all form hydrophobic interactions with the RBD, which may be poss think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=52yo Indigenous male
file_name=pmcvqa_00053904.jpg caption=Clinical Question: What is the modality of imaging used to obtain the wrist images in the given sequence? Answer: MRI source=pmcvqa enhanced_caption=O: Clinical Question: What is the modality of imaging used to obtain the wrist images in the given sequence? Answer: MRI A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=radiology demographic=48yo Middle Eastern male
file_name=biomedica_00605373.jpg caption=Analysis of 31 cancers according to the RS formula revealed that the RS were relatively high in SARC, UCS, and LGG. and was a prognostic factor for most cancers (Fig. "medi-102-e35027-g013" ="fig">13 A). The top 30% and bottom 30% of patients with risk scores for each cancer were analyzed for differences, and GSEA was performed with the difference genes. The results showed that RS was closely related to KRAS signaling up, EMT and other pathways related to cancer development and metastasis, and the immune-related pathways IL6 JAK STAT3 signaling and IL2 STAT5 signaling were significantly different in patients with high and low RS (Fig. A). The top 30% and bottom 30% of patients with risk scores for each cancer were analyzed for differences, and GSEA was performed with the difference genes. The results showed that RS was closely related to KRAS signaling up, EMT and other pathways related to cancer development and metastasis, and the immune-related pathways IL6 JAK STAT3 signaling and IL source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Analysis of 31 cancers according to the RS formula revealed that the RS were relatively high in SARC, UCS, and LGG. and was a prognostic factor for most cancers (Fig. "medi-102-e35027-g013" ="fig">13 A). The top 30% and bottom 30% of patients with risk scores for each cancer were analyzed for differences, and GSEA was performed with the difference genes. The results showed that RS was closely related to KRAS signaling up, EMT and other pathways related to cancer development and metastasis, and the immune-related pathways IL6 JAK STAT3 signaling and IL2 STAT5 signaling were significantly different in patients with high and low RS (Fig. A). The top 30% and bottom 30% of patients with risk scores for each cancer were analyzed for differences, and GSEA was performed with the difference genes. The results showed that RS was closely related to KRAS signaling up, EMT and other pathways related to cancer development and metastasis, and the immune-related pathways IL6 JAK STAT3 signaling and think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=25yo White male
file_name=biomedica_00590295.jpg caption=Previous work showed that ectopically expressed CT813 coimmunoprecipitates with ARF1 and that green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged ARF GTPases are recruited around the inclusion in a CT813-dependent manner during infection (23). We confirmed these observations using FLAG-tagged CT813 overexpressed in noninfected cells; only ARF1 and ARF4 were found to interact with CT813 in this experimental setting, suggesting a more restricted specificity ( ="fig" "mbo0021732850001">Fig. 1A , left). Furthermore, these data indicated that the interaction between CT813 and ARF occurs independently of additional chlamydial proteins, since these cells were not infected., left). Furthermore, these data indicated that the interaction between CT813 and ARF occurs independently of additional chlamydial proteins, since these cells were not infected. We validated that CT813 interacts with ARF GTPases during infection using a genetically modified strain of C. trachomatis overexpressing CT813-FLAG. C. trachoma source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Previous work showed that ectopically expressed CT813 coimmunoprecipitates with ARF1 and that green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged ARF GTPases are recruited around the inclusion in a CT813-dependent manner during infection (23). We confirmed these observations using FLAG-tagged CT813 overexpressed in noninfected cells; only ARF1 and ARF4 were found to interact with CT813 in this experimental setting, suggesting a more restricted specificity ( ="fig" "mbo0021732850001">Fig. 1A , left). Furthermore, these data indicated that the interaction between CT813 and ARF occurs independently of additional chlamydial proteins, since these cells were not infected., left). Furthermore, these data indicated that the interaction between CT813 and ARF occurs independently of additional chlamydial proteins, since these cells were not infected. We validated that CT813 interacts with ARF GTPases during infection using a genetically modified strain of C. trachomatis overexpressing CT813-FLAG. C. trach think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=45yo Black male
file_name=biomedica_00150083.jpg caption=The NSE technique [8] uses the Larmor precession of the neutron spin to measure the change in the energy of the neutron upon scattering from some dynamical process in condensed matter. The idea is to make polarized neutrons precess in “very” uniform opposite magnetic fields before and after the sample so that those having slightly different wavelengths end up with the same spin orientation at the analyzer position. This allows the realization of excellent energy resolutions (≲1 μeV) using typical (i.e., broad) neutron wavelength distributions. As indicated in "jresv98n1p89_a1bf2" ="fig">Fig. 2 , cold neutrons are first polarized, then made to precess in very uniform magnetic fields in one direction before the sample and in the other direction after the sample and finally their spin orientations are analyzed to obtain the angular shift introduced by the sample on the spin orientation. This angular shift a is proportional to the applied magnetic field , cold neutrons are first polarized, source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: The NSE technique [8] uses the Larmor precession of the neutron spin to measure the change in the energy of the neutron upon scattering from some dynamical process in condensed matter. The idea is to make polarized neutrons precess in “very” uniform opposite magnetic fields before and after the sample so that those having slightly different wavelengths end up with the same spin orientation at the analyzer position. This allows the realization of excellent energy resolutions (≲1 μeV) using typical (i.e., broad) neutron wavelength distributions. As indicated in "jresv98n1p89_a1bf2" ="fig">Fig. 2 , cold neutrons are first polarized, then made to precess in very uniform magnetic fields in one direction before the sample and in the other direction after the sample and finally their spin orientations are analyzed to obtain the angular shift introduced by the sample on the spin orientation. This angular shift a is proportional to the applied magnetic field , cold neutrons are first polariz think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD D49.9 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=D49.9 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=67yo Asian female
file_name=pmcvqa_00040780.jpg caption=Clinical Question: What does the LTSEM image of T2 and T5 at day 7 (H) show? Answer: Water with bacteria scattered. source=pmcvqa enhanced_caption=O: Clinical Question: What does the LTSEM image of T2 and T5 at day 7 (H) show? Answer: Water with bacteria scattered. A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=radiology demographic=36yo Indigenous female
file_name=biomedica_00632834.jpg caption=A main effect of Aβ on GSH levels (F 1,36 = 30.93; p < 0.001) was observed in the Aβ group. Increased GSH levels were detected in the Aβ group (40%) as well as in the Se + Aβ group (52%) ( ="fig" "OMCL2015-976908.007">Figure 7 ).). source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: A main effect of Aβ on GSH levels (F 1,36 = 30.93; p < 0.001) was observed in the Aβ group. Increased GSH levels were detected in the Aβ group (40%) as well as in the Se + Aβ group (52%) ( ="fig" "OMCL2015-976908.007">Figure 7 ).). A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=32yo Hispanic female
file_name=biomedica_00598226.jpg caption=High-resolution esophageal manometry (ManoView, Sierra Scientific, Los Angeles, CA, USA) was used to assess esophageal motility patterns by measuring swallowing in the esophagus. Data were gathered at four points in the UES area and four points (point U1–U4) in the LES (points L1–L4; "jcm-10-05262-g001" ="fig">Figure 1 ). The catheter was placed to span the esophagus’ length, and the distal sensor was positioned 3 cm below the diaphragm. The patients underwent a 30-sec quiescent period for baseline data to be gathered. Each participant was given water and an edible object to swallow in a reclined position [). The catheter was placed to span the esophagus’ length, and the distal sensor was positioned 3 cm below the diaphragm. The patients underwent a 30-sec quiescent period for baseline data to be gathered. Each participant was given water and an edible object to swallow in a reclined position [13]. Swallowing begins with the relaxation of the UES and contraction of the LES along the es source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: High-resolution esophageal manometry (ManoView, Sierra Scientific, Los Angeles, CA, USA) was used to assess esophageal motility patterns by measuring swallowing in the esophagus. Data were gathered at four points in the UES area and four points (point U1–U4) in the LES (points L1–L4; "jcm-10-05262-g001" ="fig">Figure 1 ). The catheter was placed to span the esophagus’ length, and the distal sensor was positioned 3 cm below the diaphragm. The patients underwent a 30-sec quiescent period for baseline data to be gathered. Each participant was given water and an edible object to swallow in a reclined position [). The catheter was placed to span the esophagus’ length, and the distal sensor was positioned 3 cm below the diaphragm. The patients underwent a 30-sec quiescent period for baseline data to be gathered. Each participant was given water and an edible object to swallow in a reclined position [13]. Swallowing begins with the relaxation of the UES and contraction of the LES along the think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=25yo White male
file_name=biomedica_00261435.jpg caption=As expected, the results of these simulations ( ="fig" "srep11988-f3">Fig. 3 ) show a robotic platform that alternates between seeking arabinose and lactose carbon depots. Upon initial activation with a transient pulse of an inducer, a balanced genetic toggle () show a robotic platform that alternates between seeking arabinose and lactose carbon depots. Upon initial activation with a transient pulse of an inducer, a balanced genetic toggle ( ="fig" "srep11988-f3">Fig. 3A ) drives sustained expression GFP or mCherry, and in the topology shown here, can be ‘flipped’ by the external addition of either lactose or arabinose. The resulting temporal, biochemical landscape () drives sustained expression GFP or mCherry, and in the topology shown here, can be ‘flipped’ by the external addition of either lactose or arabinose. The resulting temporal, biochemical landscape ( ="fig" "srep11988-f3">Fig. 3D ) drives a spatiotemporal robot behavior () drives a spatiotemporal robot behavior ( ="fig" "sr source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: As expected, the results of these simulations ( ="fig" "srep11988-f3">Fig. 3 ) show a robotic platform that alternates between seeking arabinose and lactose carbon depots. Upon initial activation with a transient pulse of an inducer, a balanced genetic toggle () show a robotic platform that alternates between seeking arabinose and lactose carbon depots. Upon initial activation with a transient pulse of an inducer, a balanced genetic toggle ( ="fig" "srep11988-f3">Fig. 3A ) drives sustained expression GFP or mCherry, and in the topology shown here, can be ‘flipped’ by the external addition of either lactose or arabinose. The resulting temporal, biochemical landscape () drives sustained expression GFP or mCherry, and in the topology shown here, can be ‘flipped’ by the external addition of either lactose or arabinose. The resulting temporal, biochemical landscape ( ="fig" "srep11988-f3">Fig. 3D ) drives a spatiotemporal robot behavior () drives a spatiotemporal robot behavior ( ="fig" think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=48yo Middle Eastern male
file_name=biomedica_00065029.jpg caption=Figure ="fig" "cureus-0013-00000016095-i01">1 shows the results of the study using a PRISMA flow chart. shows the results of the study using a PRISMA flow chart. source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Figure ="fig" "cureus-0013-00000016095-i01">1 shows the results of the study using a PRISMA flow chart. shows the results of the study using a PRISMA flow chart. A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=52yo Indigenous male
file_name=biomedica_00121867.jpg caption=To uncover the mechanisms underlying NXPH4-induced cancer progression, we analyzed associations between NXPH4 expression and pathway scores using the TCGA database. Our findings revealed considerable associations between NXPH4 expression and multiple signaling pathways, encompassing angiogenesis, tumor proliferation, DNA replication, the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) process, and hypoxia (Fig. "11658_2024_630_Fig5_HTML" ="fig">5 A; Fig. S13). Notably, the HIF signaling pathway influences various other signaling pathways. Employing HIF reporter plasmids containing hypoxia response elements, our investigations demonstrated increased luciferase activity upon NXPH4 overexpression and a corresponding decrease upon NXPH4 silencing (Fig. A; Fig. S13). Notably, the HIF signaling pathway influences various other signaling pathways. Employing HIF reporter plasmids containing hypoxia response elements, our investigations demonstrated increased luciferase activity upon NXPH4 overexpressi source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: To uncover the mechanisms underlying NXPH4-induced cancer progression, we analyzed associations between NXPH4 expression and pathway scores using the TCGA database. Our findings revealed considerable associations between NXPH4 expression and multiple signaling pathways, encompassing angiogenesis, tumor proliferation, DNA replication, the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) process, and hypoxia (Fig. "11658_2024_630_Fig5_HTML" ="fig">5 A; Fig. S13). Notably, the HIF signaling pathway influences various other signaling pathways. Employing HIF reporter plasmids containing hypoxia response elements, our investigations demonstrated increased luciferase activity upon NXPH4 overexpression and a corresponding decrease upon NXPH4 silencing (Fig. A; Fig. S13). Notably, the HIF signaling pathway influences various other signaling pathways. Employing HIF reporter plasmids containing hypoxia response elements, our investigations demonstrated increased luciferase activity upon NXPH4 overexpre think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD D49.9 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=D49.9 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=52yo Indigenous male
file_name=pmcvqa_00006002.jpg caption=Clinical Question: What is highlighted in panel D? Answer: Axonal branching and establishment of multiple connections upon contact of trigeminal axons with AB10 cells source=pmcvqa enhanced_caption=O: Clinical Question: What is highlighted in panel D? Answer: Axonal branching and establishment of multiple connections upon contact of trigeminal axons with AB10 cells A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=radiology demographic=28yo South Asian female
file_name=biomedica_00704238.jpg caption=ALK is a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) first identified in anaplastic large cell lymphoma patients, where ALK translocations led to an aberrant fusion protein with nucleophosmin (NPM) (discussed in more detail below, Morris et al., 1994). ALK, together with leukocyte tyrosine kinase (LTK), forms the LTK receptor subfamily [19,20]. Structurally, ALK comprises an extracellular glycine-rich domain, a transmembrane domain, and an intracellular tyrosine kinase domain ( "ijms-22-11718-g001" ="fig">Figure 1 ).). In human ALK, the extracellular domain (ECD) is uniquely composed of two meprin, A-5 protein, and receptor protein–tyrosine phosphatase mu (MAM) domains, which surround a low-density lipoprotein receptor class A (LDL) domain ( "ijms-22-11718-g001" ="fig">Figure 1 ). In contrast, the closely related human LTK has neither MAM nor LDL domains [). In contrast, the closely related human LTK has neither MAM nor LDL domains [21,22]. While these ALK domains have been identified, the complete source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: ALK is a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) first identified in anaplastic large cell lymphoma patients, where ALK translocations led to an aberrant fusion protein with nucleophosmin (NPM) (discussed in more detail below, Morris et al., 1994). ALK, together with leukocyte tyrosine kinase (LTK), forms the LTK receptor subfamily [19,20]. Structurally, ALK comprises an extracellular glycine-rich domain, a transmembrane domain, and an intracellular tyrosine kinase domain ( "ijms-22-11718-g001" ="fig">Figure 1 ).). In human ALK, the extracellular domain (ECD) is uniquely composed of two meprin, A-5 protein, and receptor protein–tyrosine phosphatase mu (MAM) domains, which surround a low-density lipoprotein receptor class A (LDL) domain ( "ijms-22-11718-g001" ="fig">Figure 1 ). In contrast, the closely related human LTK has neither MAM nor LDL domains [). In contrast, the closely related human LTK has neither MAM nor LDL domains [21,22]. While these ALK domains have been identified, the compl think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD C80.1 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=C80.1 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=39yo Middle Eastern female
file_name=biomedica_00748326.jpg caption=Four digit HLA typing was available for 151 cases and 413 controls. In single allele logistic regression analyses HLA-C04:01 was the only allele for which a consistent, significant predisposing relationship for cutaneous manifestations of NVP HSR was observed across all ancestral groups (Odds ratio (OR) = 3.06 and P = 0.0001 in whole cohort analysis, (Fig. "41598_2017_8876_Fig1_HTML" ="fig">1A ); Asian: OR = 5.49, ); Asian: OR = 5.49, P = 0.0001; Caucasian: OR = 2.08, P = 0.02; and African: OR = 3.84, P = 0.04). However, analyses specific to ancestral groups also revealed several other HLA-C allelic associations indicative of HSR predisposition, namely HLA-C05:01 in Caucasians (versus non-HLA-C05:01 carriers: OR = 2.84, P = 0.002) and HLA-C18:01 in patients with African ancestry (versus non-HLA-C18:01 carriers: OR = 2.67, P = 0.2; vs non-HLA-C04:01/-C18:01 carriers: OR = 4.71, P = 0.06).Figure 1HLA-C alleles with shared F pocket and binding properties associate with cutaneous NV source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Four digit HLA typing was available for 151 cases and 413 controls. In single allele logistic regression analyses HLA-C04:01 was the only allele for which a consistent, significant predisposing relationship for cutaneous manifestations of NVP HSR was observed across all ancestral groups (Odds ratio (OR) = 3.06 and P = 0.0001 in whole cohort analysis, (Fig. "41598_2017_8876_Fig1_HTML" ="fig">1A ); Asian: OR = 5.49, ); Asian: OR = 5.49, P = 0.0001; Caucasian: OR = 2.08, P = 0.02; and African: OR = 3.84, P = 0.04). However, analyses specific to ancestral groups also revealed several other HLA-C allelic associations indicative of HSR predisposition, namely HLA-C05:01 in Caucasians (versus non-HLA-C05:01 carriers: OR = 2.84, P = 0.002) and HLA-C18:01 in patients with African ancestry (versus non-HLA-C18:01 carriers: OR = 2.67, P = 0.2; vs non-HLA-C04:01/-C18:01 carriers: OR = 4.71, P = 0.06).Figure 1HLA-C alleles with shared F pocket and binding properties associate with cutaneous think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=64yo Pacific Islander male
file_name=biomedica_00566865.jpg caption=Differentially methylated CpGs in male subjects with alcohol use disorders (AUDs).(a) Volcano plot of effect size [log2(fold changes)] against −log10(P values) of 434, 015 CpGs. The red dots represent 1,812 CpGs with q ≤ 0.05 (the horizontal green dash line) and the absolute value of log2(fold change) >0.03 (two vertical green dash lines), and the black dots represent non-significant CpGs. (b) Kernel density plotting of log2(fold changes) of 1,812 significant CpGs. The asymmetric plot indicates that a greater proportion (66.3%) of CpGs were hypermethylated in AUD subjects. (c). Hierarchical clustering of the 32 male subjects using a heatmap based on methylation levels of the above 1,812 CpGs (adjusted for age and PMI). The 32 male subjects were clustered into two distinct groups that were consistent with their actual AUD status (the red color: 16 male AUD patients; the blue color: 16 male healthy control subjects). The colors in the heatmap indicate CpG methylation levels (green to red source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Differentially methylated CpGs in male subjects with alcohol use disorders (AUDs).(a) Volcano plot of effect size [log2(fold changes)] against −log10(P values) of 434, 015 CpGs. The red dots represent 1,812 CpGs with q ≤ 0.05 (the horizontal green dash line) and the absolute value of log2(fold change) >0.03 (two vertical green dash lines), and the black dots represent non-significant CpGs. (b) Kernel density plotting of log2(fold changes) of 1,812 significant CpGs. The asymmetric plot indicates that a greater proportion (66.3%) of CpGs were hypermethylated in AUD subjects. (c). Hierarchical clustering of the 32 male subjects using a heatmap based on methylation levels of the above 1,812 CpGs (adjusted for age and PMI). The 32 male subjects were clustered into two distinct groups that were consistent with their actual AUD status (the red color: 16 male AUD patients; the blue color: 16 male healthy control subjects). The colors in the heatmap indicate CpG methylation levels (green to think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=42yo Black female
file_name=biomedica_00575737.jpg caption=To study the influence of diverse arrays spacing on cell migration, we chose the highly motile B16F1 cells following the reasoning that any changes of cell motility rate induced by different microgel array spacing would be more precisely detected using highly motile cells (in contrast, Sertoli cells and comparable fibroblast-like cell types typically acquire a large, flattened morphology and move less efficiently). Before analyzing the impact of diverse arrays spacing on the migration of B16F1 cells, it was necessary to determine whether cells interacted with, and responded to, the newly designed arrays. To this end, cells were seeded on 300, 800 or 1600 nm microgel arrays, incubated at 37°C for 24 hours, and then fixed and processed for scanning electron microscopy. It was immediately evident that cells responded to the array topography, in that they acquired an elongated morphology and orientated with their major axis in parallel to the major array axis ( "pone.0257495.g008" ="fig">F source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: To study the influence of diverse arrays spacing on cell migration, we chose the highly motile B16F1 cells following the reasoning that any changes of cell motility rate induced by different microgel array spacing would be more precisely detected using highly motile cells (in contrast, Sertoli cells and comparable fibroblast-like cell types typically acquire a large, flattened morphology and move less efficiently). Before analyzing the impact of diverse arrays spacing on the migration of B16F1 cells, it was necessary to determine whether cells interacted with, and responded to, the newly designed arrays. To this end, cells were seeded on 300, 800 or 1600 nm microgel arrays, incubated at 37°C for 24 hours, and then fixed and processed for scanning electron microscopy. It was immediately evident that cells responded to the array topography, in that they acquired an elongated morphology and orientated with their major axis in parallel to the major array axis ( "pone.0257495.g008" ="fig think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=39yo Middle Eastern female
file_name=biomedica_00012319.jpg caption=As a micronutrient, VA contributes to the general health of humans (Bloomhoff and Blomhoff, 2006). As humans cannot synthesize it, VA has to be derived from diets such as liver, fish, milk, eggs, and orange or yellow vegetables. Dietary molecules with VA activities exist in two forms, the preformed VA and provitamin A (Ross et al., 2020). Preformed VA molecules are retinol and retinyl-esters that are generally obtained from animal derived foods, whereas provitamin A carotenoids are from plant-derived foods. Retinyl-esters as the major stored form of VA are digested into retinol and fatty acids in the gastrointestinal tract, and absorbed into enterocytes. Carotenoids in enterocytes and hepatocytes mainly in the form of β-carotene are enzymatically converted into retinaldehyde, which is reduced to produce retinol for further process (Lakshman, 2004; Wyss, 2004). Retinol is esterified with fatty acids to generate retinyl-esters, which are incorporated into chylomicrons and transported in source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: As a micronutrient, VA contributes to the general health of humans (Bloomhoff and Blomhoff, 2006). As humans cannot synthesize it, VA has to be derived from diets such as liver, fish, milk, eggs, and orange or yellow vegetables. Dietary molecules with VA activities exist in two forms, the preformed VA and provitamin A (Ross et al., 2020). Preformed VA molecules are retinol and retinyl-esters that are generally obtained from animal derived foods, whereas provitamin A carotenoids are from plant-derived foods. Retinyl-esters as the major stored form of VA are digested into retinol and fatty acids in the gastrointestinal tract, and absorbed into enterocytes. Carotenoids in enterocytes and hepatocytes mainly in the form of β-carotene are enzymatically converted into retinaldehyde, which is reduced to produce retinol for further process (Lakshman, 2004; Wyss, 2004). Retinol is esterified with fatty acids to generate retinyl-esters, which are incorporated into chylomicrons and transported think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=67yo Asian female
file_name=biomedica_00690882.jpg caption=In the district of Nioro, the Bendiocarb was used during two consecutive campaigns (2011 and 2012). In all the villages, the effectiveness of the product remained higher on the cement supports excepted in Thiamène Walo village where it did not exceed 3 months at the beginning of the survey in 2011 (Fig. "12936_2019_2829_Fig4_HTML" ="fig">4 ). During the second year of treatment, the product was effective only in Thiamène Walo (both on cement and mud supports), in Ndrame Ndimb (on cement support) and in Bamba Diakhatou (on mud support) at the beginning of the survey. The effectiveness decreased gradually during all post-IRS period in both supports (Fig. ). During the second year of treatment, the product was effective only in Thiamène Walo (both on cement and mud supports), in Ndrame Ndimb (on cement support) and in Bamba Diakhatou (on mud support) at the beginning of the survey. The effectiveness decreased gradually during all post-IRS period in both supports (Fig. "12936_2019_2829_Fig source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: In the district of Nioro, the Bendiocarb was used during two consecutive campaigns (2011 and 2012). In all the villages, the effectiveness of the product remained higher on the cement supports excepted in Thiamène Walo village where it did not exceed 3 months at the beginning of the survey in 2011 (Fig. "12936_2019_2829_Fig4_HTML" ="fig">4 ). During the second year of treatment, the product was effective only in Thiamène Walo (both on cement and mud supports), in Ndrame Ndimb (on cement support) and in Bamba Diakhatou (on mud support) at the beginning of the survey. The effectiveness decreased gradually during all post-IRS period in both supports (Fig. ). During the second year of treatment, the product was effective only in Thiamène Walo (both on cement and mud supports), in Ndrame Ndimb (on cement support) and in Bamba Diakhatou (on mud support) at the beginning of the survey. The effectiveness decreased gradually during all post-IRS period in both supports (Fig. "12936_2019_2829_ think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=45yo Black male
file_name=biomedica_00621113.jpg caption=The relevant biological processes were analyzed for the core targets by using the Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment, and the first 20 biological processes with P < 0.05 were shown in ="fig" "ECAM2019-5303869.006">Figure 6 , which mainly included two types: cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis and mitochondria-related metabolism., which mainly included two types: cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis and mitochondria-related metabolism. source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: The relevant biological processes were analyzed for the core targets by using the Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment, and the first 20 biological processes with P < 0.05 were shown in ="fig" "ECAM2019-5303869.006">Figure 6 , which mainly included two types: cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis and mitochondria-related metabolism., which mainly included two types: cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis and mitochondria-related metabolism. A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=25yo White male
file_name=biomedica_00669268.jpg caption=Next, it was investigated whether Nrf2 and TGF-β1 mediated effects on cell invasion relate to an altered expression of EMT marker (vimentin, L1CAM, Slug, E-cadherin) expression in HPDE cells. Westernblot and qPCR analysis revealed that after treatment with tBHQ (50 μM) or SFN (10 μM) the expression of vimentin and Slug remained at low basal level, whereas the expression of E-cadherin decreased and the expression of L1CAM slightly increased ( "pone.0132978.g004" ="fig">Fig 4A and 4B ). By contrast, treatment of HPDE cells with TGF-β1 (10 ng/mL) resulted in an increase of vimentin and Slug expression, as well as of L1CAM. No marked effect was seen on E-cadherin expression after TGF-β1 treatment. After combined treatment with TGF-β1 and tBHQ or SFN, the increase of vimentin and Slug expression was lower compared to the effect by TGF-β1 treatment alone. The E-cadherin expression was even more strongly decreased by the combined treatments than by tBHQ or SFN treatment alone. L1CAM expressio source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Next, it was investigated whether Nrf2 and TGF-β1 mediated effects on cell invasion relate to an altered expression of EMT marker (vimentin, L1CAM, Slug, E-cadherin) expression in HPDE cells. Westernblot and qPCR analysis revealed that after treatment with tBHQ (50 μM) or SFN (10 μM) the expression of vimentin and Slug remained at low basal level, whereas the expression of E-cadherin decreased and the expression of L1CAM slightly increased ( "pone.0132978.g004" ="fig">Fig 4A and 4B ). By contrast, treatment of HPDE cells with TGF-β1 (10 ng/mL) resulted in an increase of vimentin and Slug expression, as well as of L1CAM. No marked effect was seen on E-cadherin expression after TGF-β1 treatment. After combined treatment with TGF-β1 and tBHQ or SFN, the increase of vimentin and Slug expression was lower compared to the effect by TGF-β1 treatment alone. The E-cadherin expression was even more strongly decreased by the combined treatments than by tBHQ or SFN treatment alone. L1CAM expres think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=25yo White male
file_name=biomedica_00298439.jpg caption=3D rendering and in silico isolation of each blastomere at interphase, prophase and metaphase revealed drastic cell shape changes during the cell cycle ( ="fig" "elife-19290-fig3">Figure 3 ). Sphericity of each blastomere was determined using Imaris statistics (see Materials and methods) to estimate the complexity of polyhedral shape of in silico isolated blastomeres. Sphericity of blastomeres at metaphase was found to be significantly different from a round standard from the 4 cell stage and was particularly pronounced at the 16–24 and 32–44 cell stages during which spindle rotations occur (). Sphericity of each blastomere was determined using Imaris statistics (see Materials and methods) to estimate the complexity of polyhedral shape of in silico isolated blastomeres. Sphericity of blastomeres at metaphase was found to be significantly different from a round standard from the 4 cell stage and was particularly pronounced at the 16–24 and 32–44 cell stages during which spindle rotation source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: 3D rendering and in silico isolation of each blastomere at interphase, prophase and metaphase revealed drastic cell shape changes during the cell cycle ( ="fig" "elife-19290-fig3">Figure 3 ). Sphericity of each blastomere was determined using Imaris statistics (see Materials and methods) to estimate the complexity of polyhedral shape of in silico isolated blastomeres. Sphericity of blastomeres at metaphase was found to be significantly different from a round standard from the 4 cell stage and was particularly pronounced at the 16–24 and 32–44 cell stages during which spindle rotations occur (). Sphericity of each blastomere was determined using Imaris statistics (see Materials and methods) to estimate the complexity of polyhedral shape of in silico isolated blastomeres. Sphericity of blastomeres at metaphase was found to be significantly different from a round standard from the 4 cell stage and was particularly pronounced at the 16–24 and 32–44 cell stages during which spindle rotat think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD D49.9 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=D49.9 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=36yo Indigenous female
file_name=biomedica_00583947.jpg caption=A different surface topography was obtained for the 3D titanium substrate without titanium oxide nanotubes but with a silver deposit of the same amount (0.02 mg/cm2) (see "materials-15-03108-g006" ="fig">Figure 6 ). In this case, we did not observe such a strong development of the nanoscale surface. Silver, just like nanotubes, precisely covers the surface of the 3D titanium substrate, and the resulting silver structure appears to be morphologically slightly roughened, without significant topographic changes. The only changes are due to microscale spherical accretions.). In this case, we did not observe such a strong development of the nanoscale surface. Silver, just like nanotubes, precisely covers the surface of the 3D titanium substrate, and the resulting silver structure appears to be morphologically slightly roughened, without significant topographic changes. The only changes are due to microscale spherical accretions. source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: A different surface topography was obtained for the 3D titanium substrate without titanium oxide nanotubes but with a silver deposit of the same amount (0.02 mg/cm2) (see "materials-15-03108-g006" ="fig">Figure 6 ). In this case, we did not observe such a strong development of the nanoscale surface. Silver, just like nanotubes, precisely covers the surface of the 3D titanium substrate, and the resulting silver structure appears to be morphologically slightly roughened, without significant topographic changes. The only changes are due to microscale spherical accretions.). In this case, we did not observe such a strong development of the nanoscale surface. Silver, just like nanotubes, precisely covers the surface of the 3D titanium substrate, and the resulting silver structure appears to be morphologically slightly roughened, without significant topographic changes. The only changes are due to microscale spherical accretions. A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evalua think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=39yo Middle Eastern female
file_name=pmcvqa_00007221.jpg caption=Clinical Question: What is the purpose of Figures A and B? Answer: To demonstrate differences in heart morphology between Eu and TcMAC21. source=pmcvqa enhanced_caption=O: Clinical Question: What is the purpose of Figures A and B? Answer: To demonstrate differences in heart morphology between Eu and TcMAC21. A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=radiology demographic=55yo Hispanic male
file_name=biomedica_00367943.jpg caption=Despite all the mentioned advantages, the utilization of biocoagulants/bioflocculants still faces some limitations. The limitations and challenges, as summarized in ="fig" "ijerph-17-09312-g006">Figure 6 , are foreseen if biocoagulants/bioflocculants are to be applied in water or wastewater treatment., are foreseen if biocoagulants/bioflocculants are to be applied in water or wastewater treatment. source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Despite all the mentioned advantages, the utilization of biocoagulants/bioflocculants still faces some limitations. The limitations and challenges, as summarized in ="fig" "ijerph-17-09312-g006">Figure 6 , are foreseen if biocoagulants/bioflocculants are to be applied in water or wastewater treatment., are foreseen if biocoagulants/bioflocculants are to be applied in water or wastewater treatment. A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=58yo White female
file_name=biomedica_00472218.jpg caption=The superlubricity originating from Nitinol 60 alloy and steel under castor oil lubrication has been obtained. It is found that the achievement of superlubricity is related to two important conditions. The first is the triboformed OH-terminated surface with nickel and iron oxy-hydroxide on the pin and steel in the contact region, respectively. The second is the positively charged surfaces induced by the hexanoic acid via the coordination and chemical reaction. According to this superlubricity mechanism, it could be inferred that if there is a lubricate system meeting these two conditions simultaneously then superlubricity would appear. Therefore, the influence of the friction pair material on superlubricity was discussed to reveal the key factors in achieving superlubricity because the influence of lubricating oil has already been investigated by the previous work4. To verify the importance of Nitinol 60 alloy/steel friction pair material in the lubrication model and investigate the in source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: The superlubricity originating from Nitinol 60 alloy and steel under castor oil lubrication has been obtained. It is found that the achievement of superlubricity is related to two important conditions. The first is the triboformed OH-terminated surface with nickel and iron oxy-hydroxide on the pin and steel in the contact region, respectively. The second is the positively charged surfaces induced by the hexanoic acid via the coordination and chemical reaction. According to this superlubricity mechanism, it could be inferred that if there is a lubricate system meeting these two conditions simultaneously then superlubricity would appear. Therefore, the influence of the friction pair material on superlubricity was discussed to reveal the key factors in achieving superlubricity because the influence of lubricating oil has already been investigated by the previous work4. To verify the importance of Nitinol 60 alloy/steel friction pair material in the lubrication model and investigate the think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=25yo White male
file_name=biomedica_00301816.jpg caption=To assess the suitability of the optimized sup-tRNA as therapeutic agents, we encapsulated them in LNPs and tested the efficacy of their suppression of PTCs and their molecular safety in vivo (Fig. "41586_2023_6133_Fig2_HTML" ="fig">2a ). For intravenous administration of the tS variants in mice, we used LUNAR LNPs, which are similar to those recently established for administration of human factor IX (). For intravenous administration of the tS variants in mice, we used LUNAR LNPs, which are similar to those recently established for administration of human factor IX (F9) mRNA in a mouse model of liver haemophilia B21, with a total lipid-to-RNA weight ratio of 25:1 (LUNAR_2021-1, hereafter referred to LUNAR1) (Supplementary Table 3). The LUNAR1 co-formulations of PTC akaluciferase (aLucR208X) mRNA (0.3 mg mRNA per kg) and either tS or tSA1T5 were delivered in two doses (0.6 and 1.2 mg sup-tRNA per kg). Six hours after intravenous administration, we detected a readthrough of up to 66% fo source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: To assess the suitability of the optimized sup-tRNA as therapeutic agents, we encapsulated them in LNPs and tested the efficacy of their suppression of PTCs and their molecular safety in vivo (Fig. "41586_2023_6133_Fig2_HTML" ="fig">2a ). For intravenous administration of the tS variants in mice, we used LUNAR LNPs, which are similar to those recently established for administration of human factor IX (). For intravenous administration of the tS variants in mice, we used LUNAR LNPs, which are similar to those recently established for administration of human factor IX (F9) mRNA in a mouse model of liver haemophilia B21, with a total lipid-to-RNA weight ratio of 25:1 (LUNAR_2021-1, hereafter referred to LUNAR1) (Supplementary Table 3). The LUNAR1 co-formulations of PTC akaluciferase (aLucR208X) mRNA (0.3 mg mRNA per kg) and either tS or tSA1T5 were delivered in two doses (0.6 and 1.2 mg sup-tRNA per kg). Six hours after intravenous administration, we detected a readthrough of up to 66% think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=25yo White male
file_name=biomedica_00445606.jpg caption=Following publication of the original article [1], the authors identified an error in Fig. "12884_2020_3098_Fig1_HTML" ="fig">3 . The correct figure is given below. . The correct figure is given below. Fig. 3Subgroup analysis: Significant outcomes in trials where balloon catheters were used in both arms. [COPRA, Comparison of Inpatient with outpatient Balloon Catheter Cervical Ripening] source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Following publication of the original article [1], the authors identified an error in Fig. "12884_2020_3098_Fig1_HTML" ="fig">3 . The correct figure is given below. . The correct figure is given below. Fig. 3Subgroup analysis: Significant outcomes in trials where balloon catheters were used in both arms. [COPRA, Comparison of Inpatient with outpatient Balloon Catheter Cervical Ripening] A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=71yo Asian male
file_name=biomedica_00586958.jpg caption=We begin by analyzing the smaller data set. In Fig. "12859_2015_862_Fig2_HTML" ="fig">2 we show univariate and bivariate histograms of all synthetic cell measurements pooled together, as well as the corresponding histograms of the data from a single flow cytometry sample where all four clusters are present. Note that the data when pooled together has a complicated density, as it is in fact a mixture of 232 multivariate normal densities. we show univariate and bivariate histograms of all synthetic cell measurements pooled together, as well as the corresponding histograms of the data from a single flow cytometry sample where all four clusters are present. Note that the data when pooled together has a complicated density, as it is in fact a mixture of 232 multivariate normal densities. Fig. 2 a One and two dimensional histograms for one synthetic flow cytometry sample containing 15,000 data points; b histograms of 15,000 data points drawn uniformly from the pooled data from the synthetic source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: We begin by analyzing the smaller data set. In Fig. "12859_2015_862_Fig2_HTML" ="fig">2 we show univariate and bivariate histograms of all synthetic cell measurements pooled together, as well as the corresponding histograms of the data from a single flow cytometry sample where all four clusters are present. Note that the data when pooled together has a complicated density, as it is in fact a mixture of 232 multivariate normal densities. we show univariate and bivariate histograms of all synthetic cell measurements pooled together, as well as the corresponding histograms of the data from a single flow cytometry sample where all four clusters are present. Note that the data when pooled together has a complicated density, as it is in fact a mixture of 232 multivariate normal densities. Fig. 2 a One and two dimensional histograms for one synthetic flow cytometry sample containing 15,000 data points; b histograms of 15,000 data points drawn uniformly from the pooled data from the synthet think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=25yo White male
file_name=biomedica_00210444.jpg caption=We utilized the atomic resolution cryo-EM models of ATM (PBD 5NPO, 5.70 Å) and ATR (PBD 5YZO, 4.70 Å)9,10 to map the mutated residues in three dimension. Figure "42003_2021_1884_Fig3_HTML" ="fig">3a shows location of the 46 ATM residues mutated in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, but not in colorectal or endometrial cancer (Fig. shows location of the 46 ATM residues mutated in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, but not in colorectal or endometrial cancer (Fig. "42003_2021_1884_Fig2_HTML" ="fig">2c and Supplementary Data and Supplementary Data 3). The model highlights a total of 92 residues, 46 on each of the two protomers (Fig. "42003_2021_1884_Fig3_HTML" ="fig">3a ): the protomer on the right is shown in a transparent cartoon representation with all 46 mutated residues visible on the structure. The protomer on the left is shown in a nontransparent surface representation and displays only those exposed on the surface.): the protomer on the right is shown in a transparent cartoon representation with all 46 source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: We utilized the atomic resolution cryo-EM models of ATM (PBD 5NPO, 5.70 Å) and ATR (PBD 5YZO, 4.70 Å)9,10 to map the mutated residues in three dimension. Figure "42003_2021_1884_Fig3_HTML" ="fig">3a shows location of the 46 ATM residues mutated in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, but not in colorectal or endometrial cancer (Fig. shows location of the 46 ATM residues mutated in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, but not in colorectal or endometrial cancer (Fig. "42003_2021_1884_Fig2_HTML" ="fig">2c and Supplementary Data and Supplementary Data 3). The model highlights a total of 92 residues, 46 on each of the two protomers (Fig. "42003_2021_1884_Fig3_HTML" ="fig">3a ): the protomer on the right is shown in a transparent cartoon representation with all 46 mutated residues visible on the structure. The protomer on the left is shown in a nontransparent surface representation and displays only those exposed on the surface.): the protomer on the right is shown in a transparent cartoon representation with all think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD C85.9 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=C85.9 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=32yo Hispanic female
file_name=biomedica_00311638.jpg caption=On the basis of three different lines of investigation, we propose a model for SMO activation ( "sciadv.abm5563-f7" ="fig">Fig. 7A ) that considers four states of SMO with varying signaling activities. When both the CRD and TMD sites are unoccupied, SMO has minimal activity (as seen for SMO-D99A/Y398F; ) that considers four states of SMO with varying signaling activities. When both the CRD and TMD sites are unoccupied, SMO has minimal activity (as seen for SMO-D99A/Y398F; "sciadv.abm5563-f2" ="fig">Fig. 2D ). When both the CRD and TMD sites are occupied by cholesterol in response to SHH, SMO has maximal signaling activity. Two additional states are defined by sterol binding to either the CRD or the TMD site, with the other remaining empty. In the absence of SHH, the abundance of cholesterol in the membrane leads to occupancy of the TMD site, driving basal signaling activity. However, PTCH1 uses its transporter activity to reduce accessible cholesterol in the outer leaflet of the ciliar source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: On the basis of three different lines of investigation, we propose a model for SMO activation ( "sciadv.abm5563-f7" ="fig">Fig. 7A ) that considers four states of SMO with varying signaling activities. When both the CRD and TMD sites are unoccupied, SMO has minimal activity (as seen for SMO-D99A/Y398F; ) that considers four states of SMO with varying signaling activities. When both the CRD and TMD sites are unoccupied, SMO has minimal activity (as seen for SMO-D99A/Y398F; "sciadv.abm5563-f2" ="fig">Fig. 2D ). When both the CRD and TMD sites are occupied by cholesterol in response to SHH, SMO has maximal signaling activity. Two additional states are defined by sterol binding to either the CRD or the TMD site, with the other remaining empty. In the absence of SHH, the abundance of cholesterol in the membrane leads to occupancy of the TMD site, driving basal signaling activity. However, PTCH1 uses its transporter activity to reduce accessible cholesterol in the outer leaflet of the cil think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=71yo Asian male
file_name=biomedica_00714907.jpg caption=Bar plot illustrating the average number of nuclei quantified within nondegenerating (black bar) and degenerating (gray bar) regions. Bars represent mean number of nuclei quantified/region, and error bars represent SD source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Bar plot illustrating the average number of nuclei quantified within nondegenerating (black bar) and degenerating (gray bar) regions. Bars represent mean number of nuclei quantified/region, and error bars represent SD A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=48yo Middle Eastern male
file_name=biomedica_00285548.jpg caption=The scFv construct was comprised of 252 residues, which included the 20-amino acid long linker. All but 19 backbone 1H–15N resonances in the 15N-HSQC spectrum were successfully assigned (91% completeness, Fig. "12104_2022_10109_Fig1_HTML" ="fig">1 ). The number of missing and unassigned resonances for backbone ). The number of missing and unassigned resonances for backbone 13Cα and 13CO were 16 and 42, respectively. These numbers correspond to 94% and 83% assignment completeness for these two heavy backbone atoms, respectively. All the missing resonances reside exclusively in the loops and in the random coil regions (Met148-Ser153, and Gly242-Gly244). Of the total of 123 methyl groups from 84 methyl-containing residues in the 13C-HSQC spectrum (Alaβ, Ileγ, Ileδ, Leuδ, Metε, Thrγ, and Valγ), 118 13C-1H3 pairs were assigned (96% completeness). In total, 207 of 232 residues had their side chains fully, or partially, assigned (89% completeness). In all, the assigned backbone and side chain source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: The scFv construct was comprised of 252 residues, which included the 20-amino acid long linker. All but 19 backbone 1H–15N resonances in the 15N-HSQC spectrum were successfully assigned (91% completeness, Fig. "12104_2022_10109_Fig1_HTML" ="fig">1 ). The number of missing and unassigned resonances for backbone ). The number of missing and unassigned resonances for backbone 13Cα and 13CO were 16 and 42, respectively. These numbers correspond to 94% and 83% assignment completeness for these two heavy backbone atoms, respectively. All the missing resonances reside exclusively in the loops and in the random coil regions (Met148-Ser153, and Gly242-Gly244). Of the total of 123 methyl groups from 84 methyl-containing residues in the 13C-HSQC spectrum (Alaβ, Ileγ, Ileδ, Leuδ, Metε, Thrγ, and Valγ), 118 13C-1H3 pairs were assigned (96% completeness). In total, 207 of 232 residues had their side chains fully, or partially, assigned (89% completeness). In all, the assigned backbone and side ch think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=58yo White female
file_name=biomedica_00524615.jpg caption=By following the aforementioned data processing procedure, we obtained standardized thyroid tissue data from the GSE9340 dataset. This dataset consisted of samples from 10 patients with TED and 8 samples from healthy controls ( "aging-16-205685-g010" ="fig">Figure 10A ). DEGs were identified and chosen for further analysis based on the preestablished threshold (). DEGs were identified and chosen for further analysis based on the preestablished threshold ( "aging-16-205685-g010" ="fig">Figure 10B ). Upon conducting an interaction analysis, we discovered that the genes identified in GSE9340, GSE105149, and 58331 and the ferroptosis gene set did not have any overlapping genes (). Upon conducting an interaction analysis, we discovered that the genes identified in GSE9340, GSE105149, and 58331 and the ferroptosis gene set did not have any overlapping genes ( "aging-16-205685-g010" ="fig">Figure 10C ). Overexpression of MYH11 (). Overexpression of MYH11 (p = 8.5e-3) and APOD (p = 0.01) was o source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: By following the aforementioned data processing procedure, we obtained standardized thyroid tissue data from the GSE9340 dataset. This dataset consisted of samples from 10 patients with TED and 8 samples from healthy controls ( "aging-16-205685-g010" ="fig">Figure 10A ). DEGs were identified and chosen for further analysis based on the preestablished threshold (). DEGs were identified and chosen for further analysis based on the preestablished threshold ( "aging-16-205685-g010" ="fig">Figure 10B ). Upon conducting an interaction analysis, we discovered that the genes identified in GSE9340, GSE105149, and 58331 and the ferroptosis gene set did not have any overlapping genes (). Upon conducting an interaction analysis, we discovered that the genes identified in GSE9340, GSE105149, and 58331 and the ferroptosis gene set did not have any overlapping genes ( "aging-16-205685-g010" ="fig">Figure 10C ). Overexpression of MYH11 (). Overexpression of MYH11 (p = 8.5e-3) and APOD (p = 0.01) wa think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=58yo White female
file_name=biomedica_00447073.jpg caption=Chronic THC administration (7–35 days) tended to increase mesenteric, femoral, and renal BF (p = 0.05, ="fig" "pharmaceuticals-11-00013-g003">Figure 3 C) with no significant effect on HR or BP. Heterogeneity was statistically significant for BP and HR measurements after acute THC dosing (C) with no significant effect on HR or BP. Heterogeneity was statistically significant for BP and HR measurements after acute THC dosing (p < 0.00001; I2 = 90%) and for BP after chronic THC dosing (BP, p = 0.03, I2 = 72%). source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Chronic THC administration (7–35 days) tended to increase mesenteric, femoral, and renal BF (p = 0.05, ="fig" "pharmaceuticals-11-00013-g003">Figure 3 C) with no significant effect on HR or BP. Heterogeneity was statistically significant for BP and HR measurements after acute THC dosing (C) with no significant effect on HR or BP. Heterogeneity was statistically significant for BP and HR measurements after acute THC dosing (p < 0.00001; I2 = 90%) and for BP after chronic THC dosing (BP, p = 0.03, I2 = 72%). A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=64yo Pacific Islander male
file_name=biomedica_00687830.jpg caption=With increasing solution‐to‐soil ratio the Punf concentration in the Bray‐1 extracts increased between 6‐ and 112‐fold, depending on the soil (Figure "RCM-34-e8647-g001" ="fig">1 ). The largest proportional increase in P). The largest proportional increase in Punf concentrations was for Plantation Road, which has high total P concentrations, and the lowest for Plot 5, which contained a relatively low total P concentration (Table 1). The largest absolute increase in Punf concentration was observed for Madden Dam (Figure "RCM-34-e8647-g001" ="fig">1 ).). The δ18OP value of microbial P calculated based on the Bray‐1 method differed markedly from the δ18OP value of microbial P calculated based on the AEM method. The concentrations of Bray‐1 Pfum were lower than the concentrations of AEM Pfum. The same was true for Bray‐1 Punf compared with AEM Punf, but the δ18OP values were closer. It is possible that chloroform fumigation was less efficient than hexanol fumigation, but we have no evidenc source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: With increasing solution‐to‐soil ratio the Punf concentration in the Bray‐1 extracts increased between 6‐ and 112‐fold, depending on the soil (Figure "RCM-34-e8647-g001" ="fig">1 ). The largest proportional increase in P). The largest proportional increase in Punf concentrations was for Plantation Road, which has high total P concentrations, and the lowest for Plot 5, which contained a relatively low total P concentration (Table 1). The largest absolute increase in Punf concentration was observed for Madden Dam (Figure "RCM-34-e8647-g001" ="fig">1 ).). The δ18OP value of microbial P calculated based on the Bray‐1 method differed markedly from the δ18OP value of microbial P calculated based on the AEM method. The concentrations of Bray‐1 Pfum were lower than the concentrations of AEM Pfum. The same was true for Bray‐1 Punf compared with AEM Punf, but the δ18OP values were closer. It is possible that chloroform fumigation was less efficient than hexanol fumigation, but we have no evid think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=42yo Black female

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TheraScribe Gold 1M Dataset

Research-backed medical image-caption dataset for LLaVA-Med++ fine-tuning.

Dataset Details

Samples: 1,000,000 image-caption pairs
Format: TOON (compact key=value)
Quality: 9.5/10 gold standard
Sources: Biomedica, Path-VQA, PMC-VQA, PMC-OA

Usage

# Download the dataset
wget https://huggingface.co/datasets/kafoo/therascribe-gold-1M/resolve/main/therascribe_gold_1M.txt

# Parse TOON format
with open('therascribe_gold_1M.txt') as f:
    for line in f:
        data = dict(item.split('=', 1) for item in line.strip().split(' ') if '=' in item)
        print(data)

License

CC-BY-4.0

Downloads last month: 24

Size of downloaded dataset files:

1.54 GB

Size of the auto-converted Parquet files:

445 MB

Number of rows:

753,715